Experiment with a potential opening
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net/subnets.md
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**Disclaimer:** Most, if not all, information in this article applies to both
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IPv4 and IPv6. However, an IPv6 address is 4 times the size of an IPv4 address,
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which is a lot more math that the author isn't willing to do. Due to this, all
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examples will only be in the context of IPv4.
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Cloudflare owns the number `16843009`. At least, as far as networks are
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concerned they do. You'd be more likely to recognize it in the form `1.1.1.1`.
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So how does the number `16843009` relate to the IP address `1.1.1.1`? Let's
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start with what an IP address really is.
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An IPv4 address is normally expressed as `A.B.C.D`, where each letter represents
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an octet in decimal form. Since there are `4` octets, an IPv4 address is exactly
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`32`-bits long. If you take the IP address `10.42.7.19` and write it in binary
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form, you get `00001010.00101010.00000111.00010011`. This is referred to as a
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bit string, which you'll notice contains exactly `32` bits as expected.
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