Fixed 64-bit-ness bug in BSR() and BSF(). Added 64-bit system call stubs in libmaxsi. Added a Elf64 program loader. Fixed uninitialized memory bug in the scheduler. x64/boot.s now takes care of user-space memory permissions. Fixed bug in x64/syscall.s That's right. The system now boots in 64-bit mode. It is horribly unstable, though.
618 lines
14 KiB
C++
618 lines
14 KiB
C++
/******************************************************************************
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COPYRIGHT(C) JONAS 'SORTIE' TERMANSEN 2011.
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This file is part of LibMaxsi.
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LibMaxsi is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
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the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
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Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
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any later version.
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LibMaxsi is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
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WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
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FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for
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more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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along with LibMaxsi. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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heap.cpp
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Functions that allocate/free memory from a dynamic memory heap.
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******************************************************************************/
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#include "platform.h"
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#include "memory.h"
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#include "error.h"
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#ifdef SORTIX_KERNEL
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#define HEAP_GROWS_DOWNWARDS
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#endif
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#define PARANOIA 1
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#ifdef SORTIX_KERNEL
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#include <sortix/platform.h>
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#include <sortix/log.h> // DEBUG
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#include <sortix/memorymanagement.h>
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#include <sortix/panic.h>
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#endif
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namespace Maxsi
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{
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namespace Memory
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{
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//
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// This first section is just magic compiler/platform stuff, you should
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// skip ahead to the actual algorithm.
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//
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#ifdef PLATFORM_X64
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const size_t MAGIC = 0xDEADDEADDEADDEADUL;
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const size_t ALIGNMENT = 16UL;
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#else
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const size_t MAGIC = 0xDEADDEADUL;
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const size_t ALIGNMENT = 8UL;
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#endif
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const size_t PAGESIZE = 4UL * 1024UL; // 4 KiB
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const size_t NUMBINS = 8UL * sizeof(size_t);
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addr_t GetHeapStart()
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{
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#ifdef SORTIX_KERNEL
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return Sortix::Memory::HEAPUPPER;
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#endif
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return 0; // TODO: Not implemented in User-Space yet!
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}
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size_t GetHeapMaxSize()
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{
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#ifdef SORTIX_KERNEL
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return Sortix::Memory::HEAPUPPER - Sortix::Memory::HEAPLOWER;
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#endif
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return 0; // TODO: Not implemented in User-Space yet!
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}
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#ifdef SORTIX_KERNEL
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void FreeMemory(addr_t where, size_t bytes)
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{
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ASSERT( (bytes & (PAGESIZE-1UL)) == 0 );
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while ( bytes )
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{
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addr_t page = Sortix::Memory::UnmapKernel(where);
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Sortix::Page::Put(page);
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bytes -= PAGESIZE;
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where += PAGESIZE;
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}
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}
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bool AllocateMemory(addr_t where, size_t bytes)
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{
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ASSERT( (bytes & (PAGESIZE-1UL)) == 0 );
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addr_t pos = where;
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while ( bytes )
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{
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addr_t page = Sortix::Page::Get();
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if ( !page )
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{
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FreeMemory(where, pos-where);
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return false;
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}
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if ( !Sortix::Memory::MapKernel(page, pos) )
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{
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Sortix::Page::Put(page);
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FreeMemory(where, pos-where);
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return false;
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}
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bytes -= PAGESIZE;
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pos += PAGESIZE;
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}
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return true;
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}
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#else
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void FreeMemory(addr_t where, size_t bytes)
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{
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}
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bool AllocateMemory(addr_t where, size_t bytes)
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{
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Error::Set(ENOMEM);
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return false;
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}
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#endif
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// TODO: BitScanForward and BitScanReverse are x86 instructions, but
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// directly using them messes with the optimizer. Once possible, use
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// the inline assembly instead of the C-version of the functions.
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// Returns the index of the most significant set bit.
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inline size_t BSR(size_t Value)
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{
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#if 1
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ASSERT(Value > 0);
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for ( size_t I = 8*sizeof(size_t); I > 0; I-- )
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{
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if ( Value & ( 1UL << (I-1) ) ) { return I-1; }
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}
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return 0;
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#else
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size_t Result;
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asm("bsr %0, %1" : "=r"(Result) : "r"(Value));
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return Result;
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#endif
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}
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// Returns the index of the least significant set bit.
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inline size_t BSF(size_t Value)
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{
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#if 1
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ASSERT(Value > 0);
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for ( size_t I = 0; I < 8*sizeof(size_t); I++ )
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{
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if ( Value & ( 1UL << I ) ) { return I; }
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}
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return 0;
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#else
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size_t Result;
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asm("bsf %0, %1" : "=r"(Result) : "r"(Value));
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return Result;
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#endif
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}
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//
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// This is where the actual memory allocation algorithm starts.
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//
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struct Chunk;
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struct Trailer;
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// The location where the heap originally grows from.
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addr_t heapstart;
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// If heap grows down: Location of the first mapped page.
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// If heap grows up: Location of the first not-mapped page.
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addr_t wilderness;
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// How many bytes remain in the wilderness.
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size_t wildernesssize;
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// How many bytes are the heap allow to grow to (including wilderness).
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size_t heapmaxsize;
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// How many bytes are currently used for chunks in the heap, which
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// excludes the wilderness.
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size_t heapsize;
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// bins[N] contain a linked list of chunks that are at least 2^(N+1)
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// bytes, but less than 2^(N+2) bytes. By selecting the proper bin in
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// constant time, we can allocate chunks in constant time.
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Chunk* bins[NUMBINS];
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// Bit N is set if bin[N] contains a chunk.
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size_t bincontainschunks;
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// A preamble to every chunk providing meta-information.
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struct Chunk
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{
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public:
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size_t size;
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union
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{
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size_t magic;
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Chunk* nextunused;
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};
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public:
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bool IsUsed() { return magic == MAGIC; }
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Trailer* GetTrailer();
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Chunk* LeftNeighbor();
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Chunk* RightNeighbor();
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bool IsSane();
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};
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// A trailer ro every chunk providing meta-information.
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struct Trailer
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{
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public:
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union
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{
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size_t magic;
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Chunk* prevunused;
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};
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size_t size;
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public:
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bool IsUsed() { return magic == MAGIC; }
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Chunk* GetChunk();
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};
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// This is how a real chunk actually looks:
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//struct RealChunk
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//{
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// Chunk header;
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// byte data[...];
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// Trailer footer;
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// };
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Trailer* Chunk::GetTrailer()
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{
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return (Trailer*) (((addr_t) this) + size - sizeof(Trailer));
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}
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Chunk* Chunk::LeftNeighbor()
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{
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Trailer* trailer = (Trailer*) (((addr_t) this) - sizeof(Trailer));
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return trailer->GetChunk();
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}
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Chunk* Chunk::RightNeighbor()
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{
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return (Chunk*) (((addr_t) this) + size);
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}
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Chunk* Trailer::GetChunk()
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{
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return (Chunk*) (((addr_t) this) + sizeof(Trailer) - size);
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}
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bool Chunk::IsSane()
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{
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if ( !size ) { return false; }
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size_t binindex = BSR(size);
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Trailer* trailer = GetTrailer();
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if ( trailer->size != size ) { return false; }
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if ( IsUsed() )
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{
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if ( bins[binindex] == this ) { return false; }
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if ( magic != MAGIC || trailer->magic != magic ) { return false; }
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}
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if ( !IsUsed() )
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{
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if ( ((addr_t) nextunused) & (ALIGNMENT-1UL) ) { return false; }
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if ( ((addr_t) trailer->prevunused) & (ALIGNMENT-1UL) ) { return false; }
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if ( nextunused && nextunused->GetTrailer()->prevunused != this ) { return false; }
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if ( trailer->prevunused )
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{
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if ( bins[binindex] == this ) { return false; }
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if ( trailer->prevunused->nextunused != this ) { return false; }
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}
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if ( !trailer->prevunused )
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{
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if ( bins[binindex] != this ) { return false; }
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if ( !(bincontainschunks & (1UL << binindex)) ) { return false; }
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}
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}
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return true;
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}
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void InsertChunk(Chunk* chunk)
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{
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// Insert the chunk into the right bin.
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size_t binindex = BSR(chunk->size);
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chunk->GetTrailer()->prevunused = NULL;
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chunk->nextunused = bins[binindex];
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if ( chunk->nextunused )
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{
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ASSERT(chunk->nextunused->IsSane());
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chunk->nextunused->GetTrailer()->prevunused = chunk;
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}
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bins[binindex] = chunk;
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bincontainschunks |= (1UL << binindex);
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ASSERT(chunk->IsSane());
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}
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bool ValidateHeap()
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{
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bool foundbin[NUMBINS];
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for ( size_t i = 0; i < NUMBINS; i++ ) { foundbin[i] = false; }
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#ifdef HEAP_GROWS_DOWNWARDS
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Chunk* chunk = (Chunk*) (wilderness + wildernesssize);
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while ( (addr_t) chunk < heapstart )
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#else
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Chunk* chunk = (Chunk*) heapstart;
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while ( (addr_t) chunk < wilderness - wildernesssize )
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#endif
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{
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size_t timesfound = 0;
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for ( size_t i = 0; i < NUMBINS; i++ )
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{
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if ( chunk == bins[i] ) { foundbin[i] = true; timesfound++; }
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}
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if ( 1 < timesfound ) { return false; }
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if ( !chunk->IsSane() ) { return false; }
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chunk = chunk->RightNeighbor();
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}
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for ( size_t i = 0; i < NUMBINS; i++ )
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{
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if ( !bins[i] )
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{
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if ( foundbin[i] ) { return false; }
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continue;
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}
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if ( !foundbin[i] ) { return false; }
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if ( !bins[i]->IsSane() ) { return false; }
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}
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return true;
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}
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void Init()
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{
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heapstart = GetHeapStart();
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heapmaxsize = GetHeapMaxSize();
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heapsize = 0;
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wilderness = heapstart;
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wildernesssize = 0;
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for ( size_t i = 0; i < NUMBINS; i++ ) { bins[i] = NULL; }
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bincontainschunks = 0;
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}
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// Attempts to expand the wilderness such that it contains at least
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// bytesneeded bytes. This is done by mapping new pages onto into the
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// virtual address-space.
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bool ExpandWilderness(size_t bytesneeded)
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{
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if ( bytesneeded <= wildernesssize ) { return true; }
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bytesneeded -= wildernesssize;
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// Align the increase on page boundaries.
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const size_t PAGEMASK = ~(PAGESIZE - 1UL);
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bytesneeded = ( bytesneeded + PAGESIZE - 1UL ) & PAGEMASK;
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ASSERT(bytesneeded >= PAGESIZE);
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// TODO: Overflow MAY happen here!
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if ( heapmaxsize <= heapsize + wildernesssize + bytesneeded )
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{
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Error::Set(ENOMEM);
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return true;
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}
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#ifdef HEAP_GROWS_DOWNWARDS
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addr_t newwilderness = wilderness - bytesneeded;
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#else
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addr_t newwilderness = wilderness + bytesneeded;
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#endif
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// Attempt to map pages so our wilderness grows.
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if ( !AllocateMemory(newwilderness, bytesneeded) ) { return false; }
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wildernesssize += bytesneeded;
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wilderness = newwilderness;
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return true;
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}
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DUAL_FUNCTION(void*, malloc, Allocate, (size_t size))
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{
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#if 0 < PARANOIA
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ASSERT(ValidateHeap());
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#endif
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const size_t OVERHEAD = sizeof(Chunk) + sizeof(Trailer);
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size += OVERHEAD;
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// Round up to nearest alignment.
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size = (size + ALIGNMENT - 1UL) & (~(ALIGNMENT-1UL));
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// Find the index of the smallest usable bin.
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size_t minbinindex = BSR(size-1UL)+1UL;
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// Make a bitmask that filter away all bins that are too small.
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size_t minbinmask = ~((1UL << minbinindex) - 1UL);
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// Figure out which bins are usable for our chunk.
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size_t availablebins = bincontainschunks & minbinmask;
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if ( availablebins )
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{
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// Find the smallest available bin.
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size_t binindex = BSF(availablebins);
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Chunk* chunk = bins[binindex];
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ASSERT(chunk->IsSane());
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bins[binindex] = chunk->nextunused;
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size_t binsize = 1UL << binindex;
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// Mark the bin as empty if we emptied it.
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if ( !bins[binindex] )
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{
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bincontainschunks ^= binsize;
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}
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else
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{
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Trailer* trailer = bins[binindex]->GetTrailer();
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trailer->prevunused = NULL;
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}
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ASSERT(!bins[binindex] || bins[binindex]->IsSane());
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// If we don't use the entire chunk.
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if ( OVERHEAD <= binsize - size )
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{
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size_t left = binsize - size;
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chunk->size -= left;
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chunk->GetTrailer()->size = chunk->size;
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size_t leftbinindex = BSR(left);
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Chunk* leftchunk = chunk->RightNeighbor();
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leftchunk->size = left;
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Trailer* lefttrailer = leftchunk->GetTrailer();
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lefttrailer->size = left;
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InsertChunk(leftchunk);
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}
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chunk->magic = MAGIC;
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chunk->GetTrailer()->magic = MAGIC;
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#if 0 < PARANOIA
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ASSERT(ValidateHeap());
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#endif
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addr_t result = ((addr_t) chunk) + sizeof(Chunk);
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return (void*) result;
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}
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// If no bins are available, try to allocate from the wilderness.
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// Check if the wilderness can meet our requirements.
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if ( wildernesssize < size && !ExpandWilderness(size) )
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{
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Error::Set(ENOMEM);
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return NULL;
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}
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// Carve a new chunk out of the wilderness and initialize it.
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#ifdef HEAP_GROWS_DOWNWARDS
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Chunk* chunk = (Chunk*) (wilderness + wildernesssize - size);
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#else
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Chunk* chunk = (Chunk*) (wilderness - wildernesssize);
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#endif
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wildernesssize -= size;
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heapsize += size;
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chunk->size = size;
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Trailer* trailer = chunk->GetTrailer();
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trailer->size = size;
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chunk->magic = MAGIC;
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trailer->magic = MAGIC;
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#if 0 < PARANOIA
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ASSERT(ValidateHeap());
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#endif
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addr_t result = ((addr_t) chunk) + sizeof(Chunk);
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return (void*) result;
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}
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bool IsLeftmostChunk(Chunk* chunk)
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{
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#ifdef HEAP_GROWS_DOWNWARDS
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return (addr_t) chunk <= wilderness + wildernesssize;
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#else
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return heapstart <= (addr_t) chunk;
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#endif
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}
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bool IsRightmostChunk(Chunk* chunk)
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{
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#ifdef HEAP_GROWS_DOWNWARDS
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return heapstart <= (addr_t) chunk + chunk->size;
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#else
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return (addr_t) chunk + chunk->size <= heapstart + heapsize;
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#endif
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}
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// Removes a chunk from its bin.
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void UnlinkChunk(Chunk* chunk)
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{
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ASSERT(chunk->IsSane());
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Trailer* trailer = chunk->GetTrailer();
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if ( trailer->prevunused )
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{
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ASSERT(trailer->prevunused->IsSane());
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trailer->prevunused->nextunused = chunk->nextunused;
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if ( chunk->nextunused )
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{
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ASSERT(chunk->nextunused->IsSane());
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chunk->nextunused->GetTrailer()->prevunused = trailer->prevunused;
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}
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}
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else
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{
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if ( chunk->nextunused )
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{
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ASSERT(chunk->nextunused->IsSane());
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chunk->nextunused->GetTrailer()->prevunused = NULL;
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}
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size_t binindex = BSR(chunk->size);
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ASSERT(bins[binindex] == chunk);
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bins[binindex] = chunk->nextunused;
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if ( !bins[binindex] ) { bincontainschunks ^= 1UL << binindex; }
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else { ASSERT(bins[binindex]->IsSane()); }
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}
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}
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// Transforms a chunk and its neighbors into a single chunk if possible.
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void UnifyNeighbors(Chunk** chunk)
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{
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if ( !IsLeftmostChunk(*chunk) )
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{
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Chunk* neighbor = (*chunk)->LeftNeighbor();
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if ( !neighbor->IsUsed() )
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{
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size_t size = neighbor->size;
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size_t chunksize = (*chunk)->size;
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UnlinkChunk(neighbor);
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*chunk = neighbor;
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(*chunk)->size = size + chunksize;
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(*chunk)->GetTrailer()->size = (*chunk)->size;
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|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if ( !IsRightmostChunk(*chunk) )
|
|
{
|
|
Chunk* neighbor = (*chunk)->RightNeighbor();
|
|
if ( !neighbor->IsUsed() )
|
|
{
|
|
UnlinkChunk(neighbor);
|
|
(*chunk)->size += neighbor->size;
|
|
(*chunk)->GetTrailer()->size = (*chunk)->size;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
DUAL_FUNCTION(void, free, Free, (void* addr))
|
|
{
|
|
#if 0 < PARANOIA
|
|
ASSERT(ValidateHeap());
|
|
#endif
|
|
|
|
if ( !addr) { return; }
|
|
|
|
Chunk* chunk = (Chunk*) ((addr_t) addr - sizeof(Chunk));
|
|
ASSERT(chunk->IsUsed());
|
|
ASSERT(chunk->IsSane());
|
|
|
|
UnifyNeighbors(&chunk);
|
|
|
|
#ifdef HEAP_GROWS_DOWNWARDS
|
|
bool nexttowilderness = IsLeftmostChunk(chunk);
|
|
#else
|
|
bool nexttowilderness = IsRightmostChunk(chunk);
|
|
#endif
|
|
|
|
// If possible, let the wilderness regain the memory.
|
|
if ( nexttowilderness )
|
|
{
|
|
heapsize -= chunk->size;
|
|
wildernesssize += chunk->size;
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
InsertChunk(chunk);
|
|
|
|
#if 0 < PARANOIA
|
|
ASSERT(ValidateHeap());
|
|
#endif
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|