Add kernel(7) --firmware option.

Makefile

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ display \
 dnsconfig \
 editor \
 ext \
+fat \
 games \
 hostname \
 ifconfig \
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ iso9660 \
 kblayout \
 kblayout-compiler \
 login \
+nyan \
 ping \
 regress \
 rw \

disked/disked.c

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 #include <mount/blockdevice.h>
 #include <mount/devices.h>
 #include <mount/ext2.h>
+#include <mount/fat.h>
 #include <mount/filesystem.h>
 #include <mount/gpt.h>
 #include <mount/harddisk.h>
@@ -1771,9 +1772,9 @@ static void on_mkpart(size_t argc, char** argv)
 		bool is_gpt = current_pt_type == PARTITION_TABLE_TYPE_GPT;
 		const char* question = "Format a filesystem? (no/ext2)";
 		if ( is_mbr )
-			question = "Format a filesystem? (no/ext2/extended)";
+			question = "Format a filesystem? (no/ext2/extended/fat)";
 		else if ( is_gpt )
-			question = "Format a filesystem? (no/ext2/biosboot)";
+			question = "Format a filesystem? (no/ext2/biosboot/efi/fat)";
 		if ( 5 <= argc )
 			strlcpy(fstype, argv[4], sizeof(fstype));
 		else
@@ -1781,7 +1782,9 @@ static void on_mkpart(size_t argc, char** argv)
 		if ( strcmp(fstype, "no") != 0 &&
 		     strcmp(fstype, "ext2") != 0 &&
 		     (!is_mbr || strcmp(fstype, "extended") != 0) &&
-		     (!is_gpt || strcmp(fstype, "biosboot") != 0) )
+		     (!is_gpt || strcmp(fstype, "biosboot") != 0) &&
+		     (!is_gpt || strcmp(fstype, "efi") != 0) &&
+		     strcmp(fstype, "fat") != 0 )
 		{
 			command_errorx("%s: %s: Invalid filesystem choice: %s",
 			               argv[0], device_name(current_hd->path), fstype);
@@ -1801,14 +1804,18 @@ static void on_mkpart(size_t argc, char** argv)
 		break;
 	}
 	char mountpoint[256] = "";
-	bool mountable = !strcmp(fstype, "ext2");
+	// TODO: Get this information from libmount.
+	bool mountable = !strcmp(fstype, "ext2") ||
+	                 !strcmp(fstype, "fat") ||
+	                 !strcmp(fstype, "efi");
 	while ( mountable )
 	{
+		const char* def = !strcmp(fstype, "efi") ? "/boot/efi" : "no";
 		if ( 6 <= argc )
 			strlcpy(mountpoint, argv[5], sizeof(mountpoint));
 		else
 			prompt(mountpoint, sizeof(mountpoint),
-			       "Where to mount partition? (mountpoint or 'no')", "no");
+			       "Where to mount partition? (mountpoint or 'no')", def);
 		if ( !strcmp(mountpoint, "no") )
 		{
 			mountpoint[0] = '\0';
@@ -2003,6 +2010,10 @@ static void on_mkpart(size_t argc, char** argv)
 		const char* type_uuid_str = "0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4";
 		if ( !strcmp(fstype, "biosboot") )
 			type_uuid_str = BIOSBOOT_GPT_TYPE_UUID;
+		else if ( !strcmp(fstype, "efi") )
+			type_uuid_str = ESP_GPT_TYPE_UUID;
+		else if ( !strcmp(fstype, "fat") )
+			type_uuid_str = BDP_GPT_TYPE_UUID;
 		uuid_from_string(p.partition_type_guid, type_uuid_str);
 		arc4random_buf(p.unique_partition_guid, sizeof(p.unique_partition_guid));
 		off_t pstart = hole->start + start;
@@ -2162,6 +2173,68 @@ static void on_mkpart(size_t argc, char** argv)
 			}
 		}
 	}
+	if ( !strcmp(fstype, "efi") || !strcmp(fstype, "fat") )
+	{
+		printf("(Formatting %s as %s...)\n", device_name(p->path), fstype);
+		// TODO: Zero superblock?
+		// TODO: Run this in its own foreground process group so ^C works.
+		pid_t child_pid = fork();
+		if ( child_pid < 0 )
+		{
+			command_error("%s: fork", argv[0]);
+			return;
+		}
+		const char* mkfs_argv[] =
+		{
+			"mformat",
+			"-F", // TODO: Force FAT32 until FAT12/16 root dir writing is added.
+			"-i",
+			p->path,
+			NULL
+		};
+		if ( child_pid == 0 )
+		{
+			execvp(mkfs_argv[0], (char* const*) mkfs_argv);
+			warn("%s", mkfs_argv[0]);
+			_exit(127);
+		}
+		int status;
+		waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0);
+		if ( WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) == 127 )
+		{
+			command_errorx("%s: Failed to format filesystem (%s is not installed)",
+			               argv[0], mkfs_argv[0]);
+			return;
+		}
+		else if ( WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0 )
+		{
+			command_errorx("%s: Failed to format filesystem", argv[0]);
+			return;
+		}
+		else if ( WIFSIGNALED(status) )
+		{
+			command_errorx("%s: Failed to format filesystem (%s)",
+			               argv[0], strsignal(WTERMSIG(status)));
+			return;
+		}
+		printf("(Formatted %s as %s)\n", device_name(p->path), fstype);
+		scan_partition(p);
+		if ( !p->bdev.fs /* TODO: || !(p->bdev.fs->flags & FILESYSTEM_FLAG_UUID) */ )
+		{
+			command_errorx("%s: %s: Failed to scan expected %s filesystem",
+			               argv[0], device_name(p->path), fstype);
+			return;
+		}
+		if ( mountpoint[0] )
+		{
+			if ( !add_blockdevice_to_fstab(&p->bdev, mountpoint) )
+			{
+				command_error("%s: %s: Failed to add partition", argv[0], fstab_path);
+				return;
+			}
+		}
+
+	}
 }
 
 static void on_mktable(size_t argc, char** argv)

fat/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+fatfs
+*.o

fat/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+include ../build-aux/platform.mak
+include ../build-aux/compiler.mak
+include ../build-aux/version.mak
+include ../build-aux/dirs.mak
+
+OPTLEVEL?=$(DEFAULT_OPTLEVEL)
+CXXFLAGS?=$(OPTLEVEL)
+
+CPPFLAGS:=$(CPPFLAGS) -DVERSIONSTR=\"$(VERSION)\"
+CXXFLAGS:=$(CXXFLAGS) -Wall -Wextra -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -fcheck-new
+
+LIBS:=$(LIBS)
+
+ifeq ($(HOST_IS_SORTIX),0)
+  PTHREAD_OPTION:=-pthread
+  LIBS:=$(LIBS) -lfuse
+  CPPFLAGS:=$(CPPFLAGS) -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64
+endif
+
+BINARIES:=fatfs
+
+all: $(BINARIES)
+
+.PHONY: all install clean
+
+install: all
+	mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)$(SBINDIR)
+	install $(BINARIES) $(DESTDIR)$(SBINDIR)
+
+fatfs: *.cpp *.h
+	$(CXX) $(PTHREAD_OPTION) -std=gnu++11 $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) *.cpp -o $@ $(LIBS)
+
+clean:
+	rm -f $(BINARIES) *.o

fat/block.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014, 2015 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * block.cpp
+ * Blocks in the filesystem.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "device.h"
+#include "ioleast.h"
+
+Block::Block()
+{
+	this->block_data = NULL;
+}
+
+Block::Block(Device* device, uint32_t block_id)
+{
+	Construct(device, block_id);
+}
+
+void Block::Construct(Device* device, uint32_t block_id)
+{
+	this->modify_lock = PTHREAD_RECURSIVE_MUTEX_INITIALIZER_NP;
+	this->transit_done_cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
+	this->prev_block = NULL;
+	this->next_block = NULL;
+	this->prev_hashed = NULL;
+	this->next_hashed = NULL;
+	this->prev_dirty = NULL;
+	this->next_dirty = NULL;
+	this->device = device;
+	this->reference_count = 1;
+	this->block_id = block_id;
+	this->dirty = false;
+	this->is_in_transit = false;
+}
+
+Block::~Block()
+{
+	Destruct();
+	delete[] block_data;
+}
+
+void Block::Destruct()
+{
+	Sync();
+	Unlink();
+}
+
+void Block::Refer()
+{
+	reference_count++;
+}
+
+void Block::Unref()
+{
+	if ( !--reference_count )
+	{
+#if 0
+		device->block_count--;
+		delete this;
+#endif
+	}
+}
+
+void Block::Sync()
+{
+	if ( device->has_sync_thread )
+	{
+		pthread_mutex_lock(&device->sync_thread_lock);
+		while ( dirty || is_in_transit )
+			pthread_cond_wait(&transit_done_cond, &device->sync_thread_lock);
+		pthread_mutex_unlock(&device->sync_thread_lock);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if ( !dirty )
+		return;
+	dirty = false;
+	(prev_dirty ? prev_dirty->next_dirty : device->dirty_block) = next_dirty;
+	if ( next_dirty )
+		next_dirty->prev_dirty = prev_dirty;
+	prev_dirty = NULL;
+	next_dirty = NULL;
+	if ( !device->write )
+		return;
+	off_t file_offset = (off_t) device->block_size * (off_t) block_id;
+	pwriteall(device->fd, block_data, device->block_size, file_offset);
+}
+
+void Block::BeginWrite()
+{
+	assert(device->write);
+	pthread_mutex_lock(&modify_lock);
+}
+
+void Block::FinishWrite()
+{
+	pthread_mutex_unlock(&modify_lock);
+	pthread_mutex_lock(&device->sync_thread_lock);
+	if ( !dirty )
+	{
+		dirty = true;
+		prev_dirty = NULL;
+		next_dirty = device->dirty_block;
+		if ( next_dirty )
+			next_dirty->prev_dirty = this;
+		device->dirty_block = this;
+		pthread_cond_signal(&device->sync_thread_cond);
+	}
+	pthread_mutex_unlock(&device->sync_thread_lock);
+	Use();
+}
+
+void Block::Use()
+{
+	Unlink();
+	Prelink();
+}
+
+void Block::Unlink()
+{
+	(prev_block ? prev_block->next_block : device->mru_block) = next_block;
+	(next_block ? next_block->prev_block : device->lru_block) = prev_block;
+	size_t bin = block_id % DEVICE_HASH_LENGTH;
+	(prev_hashed ? prev_hashed->next_hashed : device->hash_blocks[bin]) = next_hashed;
+	if ( next_hashed ) next_hashed->prev_hashed = prev_hashed;
+}
+
+void Block::Prelink()
+{
+	prev_block = NULL;
+	next_block = device->mru_block;
+	if ( device->mru_block )
+		device->mru_block->prev_block = this;
+	device->mru_block = this;
+	if ( !device->lru_block )
+		device->lru_block = this;
+	size_t bin = block_id % DEVICE_HASH_LENGTH;
+	prev_hashed = NULL;
+	next_hashed = device->hash_blocks[bin];
+	device->hash_blocks[bin] = this;
+	if ( next_hashed )
+		next_hashed->prev_hashed = this;
+}

fat/block.h

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014, 2015 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * block.h
+ * Blocks in the filesystem.
+ */
+
+#ifndef BLOCK_H
+#define BLOCK_H
+
+class Device;
+
+class Block
+{
+public:
+	Block();
+	Block(Device* device, uint32_t block_id);
+	~Block();
+	void Construct(Device* device, uint32_t block_id);
+	void Destruct();
+
+public:
+	pthread_mutex_t modify_lock;
+	pthread_cond_t transit_done_cond;
+	Block* prev_block;
+	Block* next_block;
+	Block* prev_hashed;
+	Block* next_hashed;
+	Block* prev_dirty;
+	Block* next_dirty;
+	Device* device;
+	size_t reference_count;
+	uint32_t block_id;
+	bool dirty;
+	bool is_in_transit;
+	uint8_t* block_data;
+
+public:
+	void Refer();
+	void Unref();
+	void Sync();
+	void BeginWrite();
+	void FinishWrite();
+	void Use();
+	void Unlink();
+	void Prelink();
+
+};
+
+#endif

fat/device.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014, 2015 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * device.cpp
+ * Block device.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "device.h"
+#include "ioleast.h"
+
+void* Device__SyncThread(void* ctx)
+{
+	((Device*) ctx)->SyncThread();
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+Device::Device(int fd, const char* path, uint32_t block_size, bool write)
+{
+	// sync_thread unset.
+	this->sync_thread_cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
+	this->sync_thread_idle_cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
+	this->sync_thread_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+	this->mru_block = NULL;
+	this->lru_block = NULL;
+	this->dirty_block = NULL;
+	for ( size_t i = 0; i < DEVICE_HASH_LENGTH; i++ )
+		hash_blocks[i] = NULL;
+	struct stat st;
+	fstat(fd, &st);
+	this->device_size = st.st_size;
+	this->path = path;
+	this->block_size = block_size;
+	this->fd = fd;
+	this->write = write;
+	this->has_sync_thread = false;
+	this->sync_thread_should_exit = false;
+	this->sync_in_transit = false;
+	this->block_count = 0;
+#ifdef __sortix__
+	// TODO: This isn't scaleable if there's multiple filesystems mounted.
+	size_t memory;
+	memstat(NULL, &memory);
+	this->block_limit = (memory / 10) / block_size;
+#else
+	this->block_limit = 32768;
+#endif
+}
+
+Device::~Device()
+{
+	if ( has_sync_thread )
+	{
+		pthread_mutex_lock(&sync_thread_lock);
+		sync_thread_should_exit = true;
+		pthread_cond_signal(&sync_thread_cond);
+		pthread_mutex_unlock(&sync_thread_lock);
+		pthread_join(sync_thread, NULL);
+		has_sync_thread = false;
+	}
+	Sync();
+	while ( mru_block )
+		delete mru_block;
+	close(fd);
+}
+
+void Device::SpawnSyncThread()
+{
+	if ( this->has_sync_thread )
+		return;
+	this->has_sync_thread = write &&
+		pthread_create(&this->sync_thread, NULL, Device__SyncThread, this) == 0;
+}
+
+Block* Device::AllocateBlock()
+{
+	if ( block_limit <= block_count )
+	{
+		for ( Block* block = lru_block; block; block = block->prev_block )
+		{
+			if ( block->reference_count )
+				continue;
+			block->Destruct(); // Syncs.
+			return block;
+		}
+	}
+	uint8_t* data = new uint8_t[block_size];
+	if ( !data ) // TODO: Use operator new nothrow!
+		return NULL;
+	Block* block = new Block();
+	if ( !block ) // TODO: Use operator new nothrow!
+		return delete[] data, (Block*) NULL;
+	block->block_data = data;
+	block_count++;
+	return block;
+}
+
+Block* Device::GetBlock(uint32_t block_id)
+{
+	if ( Block* block = GetCachedBlock(block_id) )
+		return block;
+	Block* block = AllocateBlock();
+	if ( !block )
+		return NULL;
+	block->Construct(this, block_id);
+	off_t file_offset = (off_t) block_size * (off_t) block_id;
+	preadall(fd, block->block_data, block_size, file_offset);
+	block->Prelink();
+	return block;
+}
+
+Block* Device::GetBlockZeroed(uint32_t block_id)
+{
+	assert(write);
+	if ( Block* block = GetCachedBlock(block_id) )
+	{
+		block->BeginWrite();
+		memset(block->block_data, 0, block_size);
+		block->FinishWrite();
+		return block;
+	}
+	Block* block = AllocateBlock();
+	if ( !block )
+		return NULL;
+	block->Construct(this, block_id);
+	memset(block->block_data, 0, block_size);
+	block->Prelink();
+	block->BeginWrite();
+	block->FinishWrite();
+	return block;
+}
+
+Block* Device::GetCachedBlock(uint32_t block_id)
+{
+	size_t bin = block_id % DEVICE_HASH_LENGTH;
+	for ( Block* iter = hash_blocks[bin]; iter; iter = iter->next_hashed )
+		if ( iter->block_id == block_id )
+			return iter->Refer(), iter;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void Device::Sync()
+{
+	if ( has_sync_thread )
+	{
+		pthread_mutex_lock(&sync_thread_lock);
+		while ( dirty_block || sync_in_transit )
+			pthread_cond_wait(&sync_thread_cond, &sync_thread_lock);
+		pthread_mutex_unlock(&sync_thread_lock);
+		fsync(fd);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	while ( dirty_block )
+		dirty_block->Sync();
+	fsync(fd);
+}
+
+void Device::SyncThread()
+{
+	uint8_t transit_block_data[block_size];
+	pthread_mutex_lock(&sync_thread_lock);
+	while ( true )
+	{
+		while ( !(dirty_block || sync_thread_should_exit) )
+			pthread_cond_wait(&sync_thread_cond, &sync_thread_lock);
+		if ( sync_thread_should_exit )
+			break;
+
+		Block* block = dirty_block;
+
+		if ( block->next_dirty )
+			block->next_dirty->prev_dirty = NULL;
+		dirty_block = block->next_dirty;
+		block->next_dirty = NULL;
+
+		block->dirty = false;
+		block->is_in_transit = true;
+		sync_in_transit = true;
+
+		pthread_mutex_unlock(&sync_thread_lock);
+
+		pthread_mutex_lock(&block->modify_lock);
+		memcpy(transit_block_data, block->block_data, block_size);
+		pthread_mutex_unlock(&block->modify_lock);
+
+		off_t offset = (off_t) block_size * (off_t) block->block_id;
+		pwriteall(fd, transit_block_data, block_size, offset);
+
+		pthread_mutex_lock(&sync_thread_lock);
+		block->is_in_transit = false;
+		sync_in_transit = false;
+		pthread_cond_signal(&block->transit_done_cond);
+		if ( !dirty_block )
+			pthread_cond_signal(&sync_thread_idle_cond);
+	}
+	pthread_mutex_unlock(&sync_thread_lock);
+}

fat/device.h

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014, 2015 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * device.h
+ * Block device.
+ */
+
+#ifndef DEVICE_H
+#define DEVICE_H
+
+class Block;
+
+static const size_t DEVICE_HASH_LENGTH = 1 << 16;
+
+class Device
+{
+public:
+	Device(int fd, const char* path, uint32_t block_size, bool write);
+	~Device();
+
+public:
+	pthread_t sync_thread;
+	pthread_cond_t sync_thread_cond;
+	pthread_cond_t sync_thread_idle_cond;
+	pthread_mutex_t sync_thread_lock;
+	Block* mru_block;
+	Block* lru_block;
+	Block* dirty_block;
+	Block* hash_blocks[DEVICE_HASH_LENGTH];
+	off_t device_size;
+	const char* path;
+	uint32_t block_size;
+	int fd;
+	bool write;
+	bool has_sync_thread;
+	bool sync_thread_should_exit;
+	bool sync_in_transit;
+	size_t block_count;
+	size_t block_limit;
+
+public:
+	void SpawnSyncThread();
+	Block* AllocateBlock();
+	Block* GetBlock(uint32_t block_id);
+	Block* GetBlockZeroed(uint32_t block_id);
+	Block* GetCachedBlock(uint32_t block_id);
+	void Sync();
+	void SyncThread();
+
+};
+
+#endif

fat/fat.h

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * fat.h
+ * The File Allocation Table (FAT) filesystem.
+ */
+
+#ifndef FAT_H
+#define FAT_H
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+// TODO: Dammit. I forgot to swap endian all across the codebase.
+
+struct fat_bpb
+{
+	uint8_t jump[3];
+	char oem[8];
+	uint8_t bytes_per_sector_low;
+	uint8_t bytes_per_sector_high;
+	uint8_t sectors_per_cluster;
+	uint16_t reserved_sectors;
+	uint8_t fat_count;
+	uint8_t root_dirent_count_low;
+	uint8_t root_dirent_count_high;
+	uint8_t total_sectors_low;
+	uint8_t total_sectors_high;
+	uint8_t media_descriptor_type;
+	uint16_t sectors_per_fat;
+	uint16_t sectors_per_track;
+	uint16_t head_count;
+	uint16_t hidden_sectors;
+	uint32_t total_sectors_large;
+	union
+	{
+		struct
+		{
+			uint8_t fat12_drive_number;
+			uint8_t fat12_reserved;
+			uint8_t fat12_signature;
+			uint8_t fat12_volume_id[4];
+			uint8_t fat12_volume_label[11];
+			uint8_t fat12_system[8];
+		};
+		struct
+		{
+			uint32_t fat32_sectors_per_fat;
+			uint16_t fat32_flags;
+			uint16_t fat32_version;
+			uint32_t fat32_root_cluster;
+			uint16_t fat32_fsinfo;
+			uint16_t fat32_backup_boot;
+			uint32_t fat32_reserved1[3];
+			uint8_t fat32_drive_number;
+			uint8_t fat32_reserved2;
+			uint8_t fat32_signature;
+			uint8_t fat32_volume_id[4];
+			uint8_t fat32_volume_label[11];
+			uint8_t fat32_system[8];
+		};
+		struct
+		{
+			uint8_t bootloader[510 - 36];
+			uint8_t boot_signature[2];
+		};
+	};
+};
+
+static_assert(sizeof(struct fat_bpb) == 512, "sizeof(struct fat_bpb) == 512");
+
+struct fat_fsinfo
+{
+	uint32_t signature1;
+	uint32_t reserved1[120];
+	uint32_t signature2;
+	uint32_t free_count;
+	uint32_t next_free;
+	uint32_t reserved2[3];
+	uint32_t signature3;
+};
+
+static_assert(sizeof(struct fat_fsinfo) == 512, "sizeof(struct fat_fsinfo) == 512");
+
+struct fat_dirent
+{
+	char name[11];
+	uint8_t attributes;
+	uint8_t reserved;
+	uint8_t creation_tenths; // TODO: Misnamed semantically.
+	uint16_t creation_time;
+	uint16_t creation_date;
+	uint16_t access_date;
+	uint16_t cluster_high;
+	uint16_t modified_time;
+	uint16_t modified_date;
+	uint16_t cluster_low;
+	uint32_t size;
+};
+
+static_assert(sizeof(struct fat_dirent) == 32, "sizeof(struct fat_dirent) == 32");
+
+#define FAT_ATTRIBUTE_READ_ONLY (1 << 0)
+#define FAT_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN (1 << 1)
+#define FAT_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM (1 << 2)
+#define FAT_ATTRIBUTE_VOLUME_ID (1 << 3)
+#define FAT_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY (1 << 4)
+#define FAT_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE (1 << 5)
+
+#define FAT_ATTRIBUTE_LONG_NAME 0x0F
+
+#endif

fat/fatfs.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2023 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * fatfs.cpp
+ * The File Allocation Table (FAT) filesystem.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <err.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#if defined(__sortix__)
+#include "fsmarshall.h"
+#else
+#include "fuse.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "device.h"
+#include "fat.h"
+#include "fatfs.h"
+#include "filesystem.h"
+#include "inode.h"
+#include "ioleast.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+uid_t request_uid;
+uid_t request_gid;
+
+// TODO: Encapsulate.
+void StatInode(Inode* inode, struct stat* st)
+{
+	memset(st, 0, sizeof(*st));
+	st->st_ino = inode->inode_id;
+	st->st_mode = inode->Mode();
+	st->st_nlink = 1; // TODO: Encapsulate.
+	st->st_uid = inode->UserId();
+	st->st_gid = inode->GroupId();
+	st->st_size = inode->Size();
+	// TODO: Encapsulate.
+	// TODO: For the root dir, mount time, or maybe volume label or first file?
+	//       Or maybe the time of the mount point?
+	time_t mtime = 0;
+	if ( inode->dirent )
+	{
+		struct tm tm;
+		memset(&tm, 0, sizeof(tm));
+		tm.tm_sec = ((inode->dirent->modified_time >> 0) & 0x1F) * 2;
+		tm.tm_min = (inode->dirent->modified_time >> 5) & 0x3F;
+		tm.tm_hour = (inode->dirent->modified_time >> 11) & 0x1F;
+		tm.tm_mday = (inode->dirent->modified_date >> 0) & 0x1F;
+		tm.tm_mon = ((inode->dirent->modified_date >> 5) & 0xF) - 1;
+		tm.tm_year = ((inode->dirent->modified_date >> 9) & 0x7F) + 80;
+		mtime = mktime(&tm);
+	}
+	st->st_atim.tv_sec = mtime; // TODO: The actual accessed time;
+	st->st_atim.tv_nsec = 0;
+	st->st_ctim.tv_sec = mtime; // TODO: Probably fine to keep as modified time.
+	st->st_ctim.tv_nsec = 0;
+	st->st_mtim.tv_sec = mtime;
+	st->st_mtim.tv_nsec = 0;
+	st->st_blksize = inode->filesystem->bytes_per_sector *
+	                 inode->filesystem->bpb->sectors_per_cluster;
+	// TODO: Encapsulate.
+	st->st_blocks = 0; // TODO inode->data->i_blocks;
+}
+
+static void compact_arguments(int* argc, char*** argv)
+{
+	for ( int i = 0; i < *argc; i++ )
+	{
+		while ( i < *argc && !(*argv)[i] )
+		{
+			for ( int n = i; n < *argc; n++ )
+				(*argv)[n] = (*argv)[n+1];
+			(*argc)--;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void help(FILE* fp, const char* argv0)
+{
+	fprintf(fp, "Usage: %s [OPTION]... DEVICE [MOUNT-POINT]\n", argv0);
+}
+
+static void version(FILE* fp, const char* argv0)
+{
+	fprintf(fp, "%s (Sortix) %s\n", argv0, VERSIONSTR);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+	const char* argv0 = argv[0];
+	const char* pretend_mount_path = NULL;
+	bool foreground = false;
+	bool read = false;
+	bool write = false;
+	for ( int i = 1; i < argc; i++ )
+	{
+		const char* arg = argv[i];
+		if ( arg[0] != '-' || !arg[1] )
+			continue;
+		argv[i] = NULL;
+		if ( !strcmp(arg, "--") )
+			break;
+		if ( arg[1] != '-' )
+		{
+			while ( char c = *++arg ) switch ( c )
+			{
+			case 'r': read = true; break;
+			case 'w': write = true; break;
+			default:
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown option -- '%c'\n", argv0, c);
+				help(stderr, argv0);
+				exit(1);
+			}
+		}
+		else if ( !strcmp(arg, "--help") )
+			help(stdout, argv0), exit(0);
+		else if ( !strcmp(arg, "--version") )
+			version(stdout, argv0), exit(0);
+		else if ( !strcmp(arg, "--background") )
+			foreground = false;
+		else if ( !strcmp(arg, "--foreground") )
+			foreground = true;
+		else if ( !strcmp(arg, "--read") )
+			read = true;
+		else if ( !strcmp(arg, "--write") )
+			write = true;
+		else if ( !strncmp(arg, "--pretend-mount-path=", strlen("--pretend-mount-path=")) )
+			pretend_mount_path = arg + strlen("--pretend-mount-path=");
+		else if ( !strcmp(arg, "--pretend-mount-path") )
+		{
+			if ( i+1 == argc )
+			{
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: --pretend-mount-path: Missing operand\n", argv0);
+				exit(1);
+			}
+			pretend_mount_path = argv[++i];
+			argv[i] = NULL;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown option: %s\n", argv0, arg);
+			help(stderr, argv0);
+			exit(1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	// It doesn't make sense to have a write-only filesystem.
+	read = read || write;
+
+	// Default to read and write filesystem access.
+	if ( !read && !write )
+		 read = write = true;
+
+	if ( argc == 1 )
+	{
+		help(stdout, argv0);
+		exit(0);
+	}
+
+	compact_arguments(&argc, &argv);
+
+	const char* device_path = 2 <= argc ? argv[1] : NULL;
+	const char* mount_path = 3 <= argc ? argv[2] : NULL;
+
+	if ( !device_path )
+	{
+		help(stderr, argv0);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+
+	if ( !pretend_mount_path )
+		pretend_mount_path = mount_path;
+
+	int fd = open(device_path, write ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY);
+	if ( fd < 0 )
+		err(1, "%s", device_path);
+
+	// Read the bios parameter block from the filesystem so we can verify it.
+	struct fat_bpb bpb;
+	if ( preadall(fd, &bpb, sizeof(bpb), 0) != sizeof(bpb) )
+	{
+		if ( errno == EEOF )
+			errx(1, "%s: Isn't a valid FAT filesystem (too short)", device_path);
+		else
+			err(1, "read: %s", device_path);
+	}
+
+	// Verify the boot.
+	if ( !(bpb.boot_signature[0] == 0x55 && bpb.boot_signature[1] == 0xAA) )
+		errx(1, "%s: Isn't a valid FAT filesystem (no boot signature)", device_path);
+
+	// Verify the jump instruction at the start of the boot sector.
+	if ( !(bpb.jump[0] == 0xEB && bpb.jump[2] == 0x90) &&
+	     !(bpb.jump[0] == 0xE9) )
+		errx(1, "%s: Isn't a valid FAT filesystem (bad jump)", device_path);
+
+	// TODO: Validate all parameters make sense.
+
+	uint16_t bytes_per_sector =
+		bpb.bytes_per_sector_low | bpb.bytes_per_sector_high << 8;
+	uint16_t root_dirent_count =
+		bpb.root_dirent_count_low | bpb.root_dirent_count_high << 8;
+	uint32_t root_dir_sectors =
+		divup<uint32_t>(root_dirent_count * sizeof(fat_dirent), bytes_per_sector);
+	uint32_t sectors_per_fat =
+		bpb.sectors_per_fat ? bpb.sectors_per_fat : bpb.fat32_sectors_per_fat;
+	uint32_t total_sectors =
+		bpb.total_sectors_low | bpb.total_sectors_high << 8;
+	if ( !total_sectors )
+		total_sectors = bpb.total_sectors_large;
+
+	uint32_t data_offset =
+		bpb.reserved_sectors + bpb.fat_count * sectors_per_fat + root_dir_sectors;
+	uint32_t data_sectors = total_sectors - data_offset;
+	uint32_t cluster_count = data_sectors / bpb.sectors_per_cluster;
+
+	uint8_t fat_type =
+		cluster_count < 4085 ? 12 : cluster_count < 65525 ? 16 : 32;
+
+	// Verify the filesystem version.
+	if ( fat_type == 32 && bpb.fat32_version != 0x0000 )
+		errx(1, "%s: Unsupported filesystem version 0x%04x", device_path,
+		     bpb.fat32_version);
+
+	// TODO: On FAT16/32 check FAT entry 1 for the high bits to see if fsck is needed.
+	// Check whether the filesystem was unmounted cleanly.
+	//if ( !(fat[1] & FAT_UNMOUNTED) || !(fat[1] & FAT_NO_IO_ERR) )
+	//	warn("warning: %s: Filesystem wasn't unmounted cleanly\n", device_path);
+
+	// TODO: The FAT and clusters are not aligned to cluster size so
+	//       we can't use the cluster size here. Perhaps refactor the
+	//       device so we can deal with whole clusters.
+	Device* dev = new Device(fd, device_path, bytes_per_sector, write);
+	if ( !dev ) // TODO: Use operator new nothrow!
+		err(1, "malloc");
+	Filesystem* fs = new Filesystem(dev, pretend_mount_path);
+	if ( !fs ) // TODO: Use operator new nothrow!
+		err(1, "malloc");
+
+	// TODO: Remove this debug stuff.
+	printf("Mounted FAT data_offset=%u, data_sectors=%u, cluster_count=%u, sectors_per_cluster=%u, fat_type=%i\n", data_offset, data_sectors, cluster_count, bpb.sectors_per_cluster, fat_type);
+
+	if ( !mount_path )
+		return 0;
+
+#if defined(__sortix__)
+	return fsmarshall_main(argv0, mount_path, foreground, fs, dev);
+#else
+	return fat_fuse_main(argv0, mount_path, foreground, fs, dev);
+#endif
+}

fat/fatfs.h

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * fatfs.h
+ * Implementation of the extended filesystem.
+ */
+
+#ifndef EXTFS_H
+#define EXTFS_H
+
+extern uid_t request_uid;
+extern gid_t request_gid;
+
+class Inode;
+
+mode_t HostModeFromExtMode(uint32_t extmode);
+uint32_t ExtModeFromHostMode(mode_t hostmode);
+uint8_t HostDTFromExtDT(uint8_t extdt);
+void StatInode(Inode* inode, struct stat* st);
+
+#endif

fat/filesystem.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,446 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014, 2015, 2023 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * filesystem.cpp
+ * Filesystem.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <endian.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <time.h>
+
+#include "fat.h"
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "device.h"
+#include "filesystem.h"
+#include "inode.h"
+#include "util.h"
+
+// TODO: Be more precise.
+static bool is_8_3_char(char c)
+{
+		return ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z') || ('0' <= c && c <= '9');
+}
+
+// TODO: Is this fully precise? What about .FOO?
+bool is_8_3(const char* name)
+{
+	if ( !name[0] )
+		return false;
+	size_t b = 0;
+	while ( name[b] && is_8_3_char(name[b]) )
+		b++;
+	if ( 8 < b )
+		return false;
+	if ( !name[b] )
+		return true;
+	if ( name[b] != '.' )
+		return false;
+	size_t e = 0;
+	while ( name[b+1+e] && is_8_3_char(name[b+1+e]) )
+		e++;
+	if ( 3 < e )
+		return false;
+	if ( name[b+1+e] )
+		return false;
+	return true;
+}
+
+void encode_8_3(const char* decoded, char encoded[8 + 3])
+{
+	size_t i = 0;
+	for ( size_t o = 0; o < 8 + 3; o++ )
+	{
+		char c = ' ';
+		if ( decoded[i] == '.' && o == 8 )
+			i++;
+		if ( decoded[i] && decoded[i] != '.' )
+			c = decoded[i++];
+		if ( (unsigned char) c == 0xE5 )
+			c = 0x05;
+		encoded[o] = c;
+	}
+}
+
+void decode_8_3(const char encoded[8 + 3], char decoded[8 + 1 + 3 + 1])
+{
+	size_t o = 0;
+	for ( size_t i = 0; i < 8; i++ )
+	{
+		char c = encoded[i];
+		if ( !c || c == ' ' )
+			break;
+		if ( c == 0x05 )
+			c = (char) 0xE5;
+		decoded[o++] = c;
+	}
+	for ( size_t i = 8; i < 8 + 3; i++ )
+	{
+		char c = encoded[i];
+		if ( !c || c == ' ' )
+			break;
+		if ( i == 8 )
+			decoded[o++] = '.';
+		if ( c == 0x05 )
+			c = (char) 0xE5;
+		decoded[o++] = c;
+	}
+	decoded[o] = '\0';
+}
+
+uint8_t timespec_to_fat_tenths(struct timespec* ts)
+{
+	// TODO: Work with a struct tm instead.
+	uint16_t hundreds = ts->tv_nsec / 10000000;
+	struct tm tm;
+	gmtime_r(&ts->tv_sec, &tm);
+	if ( tm.tm_sec & 1 )
+		hundreds += 100;
+	return hundreds;
+}
+
+uint16_t timespec_to_fat_time(struct timespec* ts)
+{
+	// TODO: Work with a struct tm instead.
+	struct tm tm;
+	gmtime_r(&ts->tv_sec, &tm);
+	return (tm.tm_sec / 2) << 0 | tm.tm_min << 5 | tm.tm_hour << 11;
+}
+
+uint16_t timespec_to_fat_date(struct timespec* ts)
+{
+	// TODO: Work with a struct tm instead.
+	struct tm tm;
+	gmtime_r(&ts->tv_sec, &tm);
+	return tm.tm_mday << 0 | (tm.tm_mon + 1) << 5 | (tm.tm_year - 80) << 9;
+}
+
+// TODO: Rename tenths to a better name.
+void timespec_to_fat(const struct timespec* ts, uint16_t* date, uint16_t* time,
+                     uint8_t* tenths)
+{
+	struct tm tm;
+	gmtime_r(&ts->tv_sec, &tm);
+	// TODO: Endian.
+	*date = tm.tm_mday << 0 | (tm.tm_mon + 1) << 5 | (tm.tm_year - 80) << 9;
+	*time = (tm.tm_sec / 2) << 0 | tm.tm_min << 5 | tm.tm_hour << 11;
+	*tenths = ts->tv_nsec / 10000000 + (tm.tm_sec & 1 ? 100 : 0);
+}
+
+Filesystem::Filesystem(Device* device, const char* mount_path)
+{
+	this->bpb_block = device->GetBlock(0);
+	assert(bpb_block); // TODO: This can fail.
+	this->bpb = (struct fat_bpb*) bpb_block->block_data;
+	this->device = device;
+	this->mount_path = mount_path;
+	this->mode_reg = S_IFREG | 0644;
+	this->mode_dir = S_IFDIR | 0755;
+	this->block_size = device->block_size;
+	this->bytes_per_sector =
+		bpb->bytes_per_sector_low | bpb->bytes_per_sector_high << 8;
+	this->root_dirent_count =
+		bpb->root_dirent_count_low | bpb->root_dirent_count_high << 8;
+	uint32_t root_dir_sectors =
+		divup<uint32_t>(root_dirent_count * sizeof(fat_dirent), bytes_per_sector);
+	this->sectors_per_fat =
+		bpb->sectors_per_fat ? bpb->sectors_per_fat : bpb->fat32_sectors_per_fat;
+	this->total_sectors =
+		bpb->total_sectors_low | bpb->total_sectors_high << 8;
+	if ( !this->total_sectors )
+		this->total_sectors = bpb->total_sectors_large;
+	this->fat_sector = bpb->reserved_sectors;
+	this->root_sector = fat_sector + bpb->fat_count * sectors_per_fat;
+	this->data_sector = root_sector + root_dir_sectors;
+	uint32_t data_sectors = total_sectors - data_sector;
+	this->cluster_count = data_sectors / bpb->sectors_per_cluster;
+	this->cluster_size = bpb->sectors_per_cluster * bytes_per_sector;
+	this->fat_type = cluster_count < 4085 ? 12 : cluster_count < 65525 ? 16 : 32;
+	// Use cluster 1 as the root inode on FAT12/FAT16 since it's not a valid
+	// cluster for use in the FAT.	
+	this->root_inode_id = fat_type == 32 ? bpb->fat32_root_cluster : 1;
+	// TODO: Okay we actually need to compare with their lower bounds.
+	this->eio_cluster =
+		fat_type == 12 ? 0xFF7 : fat_type == 16 ? 0xFFF7 : 0xFFFFFF7;
+	this->eof_cluster =
+		fat_type == 12 ? 0xFFF : fat_type == 16 ? 0xFFFF : 0xFFFFFFF;
+	// TODO: Obtain and verify this from the fsinfo.
+	this->free_search = 0;
+	this->mru_inode = NULL;
+	this->lru_inode = NULL;
+	this->dirty_inode = NULL;
+	for ( size_t i = 0; i < INODE_HASH_LENGTH; i++ )
+		this->hash_inodes[i] = NULL;
+	this->dirty = false;
+
+	if ( device->write )
+	{
+		BeginWrite();
+		// TODO: Mark as mounted in fat[1] if FAT16/32.
+		FinishWrite();
+		Sync();
+	}
+}
+
+Filesystem::~Filesystem()
+{
+	Sync();
+	while ( mru_inode )
+		delete mru_inode;
+	if ( device->write )
+	{
+		BeginWrite();
+		// TODO: Mark as unounted in fat[1] if FAT16/32.
+		FinishWrite();
+		Sync();
+	}
+	bpb_block->Unref();
+}
+
+void Filesystem::BeginWrite()
+{
+	bpb_block->BeginWrite();
+}
+
+void Filesystem::FinishWrite()
+{
+	dirty = true;
+	bpb_block->FinishWrite();
+}
+
+void Filesystem::Sync()
+{
+	// TODO: Replacement concept?
+	while ( dirty_inode )
+		dirty_inode->Sync();
+	if ( dirty )
+	{
+		bpb_block->Sync();
+		dirty = false;
+	}
+	device->Sync();
+}
+
+Inode* Filesystem::GetInode(uint32_t inode_id, Block* dirent_block,
+                            struct fat_dirent* dirent)
+{		
+#if 0
+	if ( !inode_id || num_inodes <= inode_id )
+		return errno = EBADF, (Inode*) NULL;
+	if ( !inode_id )
+		return errno = EBADF, (Inode*) NULL;
+#endif
+
+	size_t bin = inode_id % INODE_HASH_LENGTH;
+	for ( Inode* iter = hash_inodes[bin]; iter; iter = iter->next_hashed )
+		if ( iter->inode_id == inode_id )
+			return iter->Refer(), iter;
+
+	if ( inode_id != root_inode_id && !dirent_block )
+		return errno = EBADF, (Inode*) NULL;
+
+	Inode* inode = new Inode(this, inode_id);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return (Inode*) NULL;
+	inode->first_cluster =
+		inode_id == root_inode_id && fat_type != 32 ? 0 : inode_id;
+	if ( (inode->data_block = dirent_block) )
+		inode->data_block->Refer();
+	inode->dirent = dirent;
+	inode->Prelink();
+
+	return inode;
+}
+
+uint32_t Filesystem::AllocateCluster()
+{
+	for ( size_t i = 0; i < cluster_count; i++ )
+	{
+		size_t n = 2 + (free_search + i) % cluster_count;
+		if ( !ReadFAT(n) )
+		{
+			free_search = (i + 1) % cluster_count;
+			if ( fat_type == 32 )
+			{
+				Block* block = device->GetBlock(bpb->fat32_fsinfo);
+				if ( block )
+				{
+					struct fat_fsinfo* fsinfo =
+						(struct fat_fsinfo*) block->block_data;
+					block->BeginWrite();
+					uint32_t free_count = le32toh(fsinfo->free_count);
+					if ( free_count )
+						free_count--;
+					fsinfo->free_count = htole32(free_count);
+					fsinfo->next_free = n;
+					block->FinishWrite();
+					block->Unref();
+				}
+			}
+			return n;
+		}
+	}
+	return errno = ENOSPC, 0;
+}
+
+void Filesystem::FreeCluster(uint32_t cluster)
+{
+	if ( fat_type != 32 )
+		return;
+	Block* block = device->GetBlock(bpb->fat32_fsinfo);
+	if ( !block )
+		return;
+	struct fat_fsinfo* fsinfo = (struct fat_fsinfo*) block->block_data;
+	block->BeginWrite();
+	uint32_t free_count = le32toh(fsinfo->free_count);
+	if ( free_count < cluster_count )
+		free_count++;
+	fsinfo->free_count = htole32(free_count);
+	if ( !fsinfo->free_count || le32toh(fsinfo->next_free) == cluster + 1 )
+	{
+		fsinfo->next_free = htole32(cluster);
+		free_search = cluster - 2;
+	}
+	block->FinishWrite();
+	block->Unref();
+}
+
+uint32_t Filesystem::ReadFAT(uint32_t cluster)
+{
+	// TODO: Bounds check.
+	if ( fat_type == 12 )
+	{
+		size_t position = cluster + (cluster / 2);
+		size_t lba = position / bytes_per_sector;
+		size_t offset = position % bytes_per_sector;
+		Block* block = device->GetBlock(fat_sector + lba);
+		if ( !block )
+			return eio_cluster;
+		uint8_t lower = block->block_data[offset];
+		if ( ++offset == bytes_per_sector )
+		{
+			block->Unref();
+			if ( !(block = device->GetBlock(fat_sector + lba)) )
+				return eio_cluster;
+			offset = 0;
+		}
+		uint8_t higher = block->block_data[offset];
+		block->Unref();
+		uint16_t value = lower | higher << 8;
+		if ( cluster & 1 )
+			return value >> 4;
+		else
+			return value & 0xFFF;
+	}
+	size_t fat_size = fat_type / 8;
+	size_t position = cluster * fat_size;
+	size_t lba = position / bytes_per_sector;
+	size_t entry = (position % bytes_per_sector) / fat_size;
+	Block* block = device->GetBlock(fat_sector + lba);
+	if ( !block )
+		return eio_cluster;
+	uint32_t result = 0;
+	if ( fat_type == 16 )
+		result = ((uint16_t*) block->block_data)[entry];
+	else if ( fat_type == 32 )
+		result = ((uint32_t*) block->block_data)[entry] & 0x0FFFFFFF;
+	block->Unref();
+	return result;
+}
+
+bool Filesystem::WriteFAT(uint32_t cluster, uint32_t value)
+{
+	assert(device->write);
+	// TODO: Bounds check.
+	if ( fat_type == 12 )
+	{
+		size_t position = cluster + (cluster / 2);
+		size_t lba = position / bytes_per_sector;
+		size_t offset = position % bytes_per_sector;
+		Block* block = device->GetBlock(fat_sector + lba);
+		if ( !block )
+			return false;
+		value = cluster & 1 ? value << 4 : value;
+		uint16_t mask = cluster & 1 ? 0xFFF0 : 0x0FFF;
+		block->BeginWrite();
+		block->block_data[offset] &= ~mask;
+		block->block_data[offset] |= value;
+		if ( ++offset == bytes_per_sector )
+		{
+			block->FinishWrite();
+			block->Unref();
+			if ( !(block = device->GetBlock(fat_sector + lba)) )
+				return false;
+			offset = 0;
+			block->BeginWrite();
+		}
+		block->block_data[offset] &= ~(mask >> 8);
+		block->block_data[offset] |= value >> 8;
+		block->FinishWrite();
+		block->Unref();
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	// TODO: Mirror to the other FATs.
+	size_t fat_size = fat_type / 8;
+	size_t position = cluster * fat_size;
+	size_t lba = position / bytes_per_sector;
+	size_t entry = (position % bytes_per_sector) / fat_size;
+	Block* block = device->GetBlock(fat_sector + lba);
+	if ( !block )
+		return false;
+	block->BeginWrite();
+	if ( fat_type == 16 )
+		((uint16_t*) block->block_data)[entry] = value;
+	else if ( fat_type == 32 )
+	{
+		uint32_t old = ((uint32_t*) block->block_data)[entry] & 0xF0000000;
+		((uint32_t*) block->block_data)[entry] = value | old;
+	}
+	block->FinishWrite();
+	block->Unref();
+	return true;
+}
+
+uint32_t Filesystem::CalculateFreeCount()
+{
+	if ( fat_type == 32 )
+	{
+		// TODO: Verify the fsinfo.
+		Block* block = device->GetBlock(bpb->fat32_fsinfo);
+		if ( !block )
+			return 0xFFFFFFFF;
+		const struct fat_fsinfo* fsinfo =
+			(const struct fat_fsinfo*) block->block_data;
+		uint32_t result = le32toh(fsinfo->free_count);
+		block->Unref();
+		if ( result != 0xFFFFFFFF )
+			return result;
+	}
+	// TODO: Cache these.
+	size_t count = 0;
+	for ( size_t i = 0; i < cluster_count; i++ )
+		if ( !ReadFAT(2 + i) )
+			count++;
+	return count;
+}

fat/filesystem.h

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014, 2015, 2023 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * filesystem.h
+ * Filesystem.
+ */
+
+#ifndef FILESYSTEM_H
+#define FILESYSTEM_H
+
+bool is_8_3(const char* name);
+void encode_8_3(const char* decoded, char encoded[8 + 3]);
+void decode_8_3(const char encoded[8 + 3], char decoded[8 + 1 + 3 + 1]);
+void timespec_to_fat(const struct timespec* ts, uint16_t* date, uint16_t* time,
+                     uint8_t* tenths);
+// TODO: Unify into the above.
+uint8_t timespec_to_fat_tenths(struct timespec* ts);
+uint16_t timespec_to_fat_time(struct timespec* ts);
+uint16_t timespec_to_fat_date(struct timespec* ts);
+
+class Device;
+class Inode;
+
+static const size_t INODE_HASH_LENGTH = 1 << 16;
+
+class Filesystem
+{
+public:
+	Filesystem(Device* device, const char* mount_path);
+	~Filesystem();
+
+public:
+	Block* bpb_block;
+	struct fat_bpb* bpb;
+	Device* device;
+	const char* mount_path;
+	mode_t mode_reg;
+	mode_t mode_dir;
+	uid_t uid;
+	gid_t gid;
+	uint32_t block_size;
+	uint16_t bytes_per_sector;
+	uint16_t root_dirent_count;
+	uint32_t sectors_per_fat;
+	uint32_t root_inode_id;
+	uint32_t total_sectors;
+	uint32_t fat_sector; // TODO: Rename to lba
+	uint32_t root_sector; // TODO: Rename to lba
+	uint32_t data_sector; // TODO: Rename to lba
+	uint32_t cluster_count;
+	uint32_t cluster_size;
+	uint8_t fat_type;
+	uint32_t eio_cluster;
+	uint32_t eof_cluster;
+	uint32_t free_search;
+	Inode* mru_inode;
+	Inode* lru_inode;
+	Inode* dirty_inode;
+	Inode* hash_inodes[INODE_HASH_LENGTH];
+	bool dirty;
+
+public:
+	Inode* GetInode(uint32_t inode_id, Block* dirent_block = NULL,
+	                struct fat_dirent* dirent = NULL);
+	uint32_t AllocateCluster();
+	void FreeCluster(uint32_t cluster);
+	uint32_t ReadFAT(uint32_t cluster);	
+	bool WriteFAT(uint32_t cluster, uint32_t value);
+	uint32_t CalculateFreeCount();
+	void BeginWrite();
+	void FinishWrite();
+	void Sync();
+
+};
+
+#endif

fat/fsmarshall.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,858 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2022, 2023 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * fsmarshall.cpp
+ * Sortix fsmarshall frontend.
+ */
+
+#if defined(__sortix__)
+
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <err.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <ioleast.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <timespec.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <sortix/dirent.h>
+
+#include <fsmarshall.h>
+
+#include "block.h"
+#include "device.h"
+#include "fat.h"
+#include "fatfs.h"
+#include "filesystem.h"
+#include "fsmarshall.h"
+#include "fuse.h"
+#include "inode.h"
+
+bool RespondData(int chl, const void* ptr, size_t count)
+{
+	return writeall(chl, ptr, count) == count;
+}
+
+bool RespondHeader(int chl, size_t type, size_t size)
+{
+	struct fsm_msg_header hdr;
+	hdr.msgtype = type;
+	hdr.msgsize = size;
+	return RespondData(chl, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+}
+
+bool RespondMessage(int chl, size_t type, const void* ptr, size_t count)
+{
+	return RespondHeader(chl, type, count) &&
+	       RespondData(chl, ptr, count);
+}
+
+bool RespondError(int chl, int errnum)
+{
+	struct fsm_resp_error body;
+	body.errnum = errnum;
+	//fprintf(stderr, "fatfs: sending error %i (%s)\n", errnum, strerror(errnum));
+	return RespondMessage(chl, FSM_RESP_ERROR, &body, sizeof(body));
+}
+
+bool RespondSuccess(int chl)
+{
+	struct fsm_resp_success body;
+	return RespondMessage(chl, FSM_RESP_SUCCESS, &body, sizeof(body));
+}
+
+bool RespondStat(int chl, struct stat* st)
+{
+	struct fsm_resp_stat body;
+	body.st = *st;
+	return RespondMessage(chl, FSM_RESP_STAT, &body, sizeof(body));
+}
+
+bool RespondStatVFS(int chl, struct statvfs* stvfs)
+{
+	struct fsm_resp_statvfs body;
+	body.stvfs = *stvfs;
+	return RespondMessage(chl, FSM_RESP_STATVFS, &body, sizeof(body));
+}
+
+bool RespondSeek(int chl, off_t offset)
+{
+	struct fsm_resp_lseek body;
+	body.offset = offset;
+	return RespondMessage(chl, FSM_RESP_LSEEK, &body, sizeof(body));
+}
+
+bool RespondRead(int chl, const uint8_t* buf, size_t count)
+{
+	struct fsm_resp_read body;
+	body.count = count;
+	return RespondMessage(chl, FSM_RESP_READ, &body, sizeof(body)) &&
+	       RespondData(chl, buf, count);
+}
+
+bool RespondReadlink(int chl, const uint8_t* buf, size_t count)
+{
+	struct fsm_resp_readlink body;
+	body.targetlen = count;
+	return RespondMessage(chl, FSM_RESP_READLINK, &body, sizeof(body)) &&
+	       RespondData(chl, buf, count);
+}
+
+bool RespondWrite(int chl, size_t count)
+{
+	struct fsm_resp_write body;
+	body.count = count;
+	return RespondMessage(chl, FSM_RESP_WRITE, &body, sizeof(body));
+}
+
+bool RespondOpen(int chl, ino_t ino, mode_t type)
+{
+	struct fsm_resp_open body;
+	body.ino = ino;
+	body.type = type;
+	return RespondMessage(chl, FSM_RESP_OPEN, &body, sizeof(body));
+}
+
+bool RespondMakeDir(int chl, ino_t ino)
+{
+	struct fsm_resp_mkdir body;
+	body.ino = ino;
+	return RespondMessage(chl, FSM_RESP_MKDIR, &body, sizeof(body));
+}
+
+bool RespondReadDir(int chl, struct dirent* dirent)
+{
+	struct fsm_resp_readdirents body;
+	body.ino = dirent->d_ino;
+	body.type = dirent->d_type;
+	body.namelen = dirent->d_namlen;
+	return RespondMessage(chl, FSM_RESP_READDIRENTS, &body, sizeof(body)) &&
+	       RespondData(chl, dirent->d_name, dirent->d_namlen);
+}
+
+bool RespondTCGetBlob(int chl, const void* data, size_t data_size)
+{
+	struct fsm_resp_tcgetblob body;
+	body.count = data_size;
+	return RespondMessage(chl, FSM_RESP_TCGETBLOB, &body, sizeof(body)) &&
+	       RespondData(chl, data, data_size);
+}
+
+Inode* SafeGetInode(Filesystem* fs, ino_t ino)
+{
+	if ( (uint32_t) ino != ino )
+		return errno = EBADF, (Inode*) NULL;
+	return fs->GetInode((uint32_t) ino);
+}
+
+void HandleRefer(int chl, struct fsm_req_refer* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	(void) chl;
+	if ( Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, (uint32_t) msg->ino) )
+	{
+		if ( inode->implied_reference )
+			inode->implied_reference--;
+		else
+			inode->RemoteRefer();
+		inode->Unref();
+	}
+}
+
+void HandleUnref(int chl, struct fsm_req_unref* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	(void) chl;
+	if ( Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, (uint32_t) msg->ino) )
+	{
+		inode->RemoteUnref();
+		inode->Unref();
+	}
+}
+
+void HandleSync(int chl, struct fsm_req_sync* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->ino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	inode->Sync();
+	inode->Unref();
+	RespondSuccess(chl);
+}
+
+void HandleStat(int chl, struct fsm_req_stat* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->ino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	struct stat st;
+	StatInode(inode, &st);
+	inode->Unref();
+	RespondStat(chl, &st);
+}
+
+void HandleChangeMode(int chl, struct fsm_req_chmod* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	if ( !fs->device->write ) { RespondError(chl, EROFS); return; }
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->ino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	if ( !inode->ChangeMode(msg->mode) )
+		RespondError(chl, errno);
+	else
+		RespondSuccess(chl);
+	inode->Unref();
+}
+
+void HandleChangeOwner(int chl, struct fsm_req_chown* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	if ( !fs->device->write ) { RespondError(chl, EROFS); return; }
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->ino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	if ( !inode->ChangeOwner(msg->uid, msg->gid) )
+		RespondError(chl, errno);
+	else
+		RespondSuccess(chl);
+	inode->Unref();
+}
+
+void HandleUTimens(int chl, struct fsm_req_utimens* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	if ( !fs->device->write ) { RespondError(chl, EROFS); return; }
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->ino);
+	inode->UTimens(msg->times);
+	inode->Unref();
+	RespondSuccess(chl);
+}
+
+void HandleTruncate(int chl, struct fsm_req_truncate* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	if ( !fs->device->write ) { RespondError(chl, EROFS); return; }
+	if ( msg->size < 0 ) { RespondError(chl, EINVAL); return; }
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->ino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	inode->Truncate((uint64_t) msg->size);
+	inode->Unref();
+	RespondSuccess(chl);
+}
+
+void HandleSeek(int chl, struct fsm_req_lseek* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->ino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	if ( msg->whence == SEEK_SET )
+		RespondSeek(chl, msg->offset);
+	else if ( msg->whence == SEEK_END )
+	{
+		off_t inode_size = inode->Size();
+		if ( (msg->offset < 0 && inode_size + msg->offset < 0) ||
+		     (0 <= msg->offset && OFF_MAX - inode_size < msg->offset) )
+			RespondError(chl, EOVERFLOW);
+		else
+			RespondSeek(chl, msg->offset + inode_size);
+	}
+	else
+		RespondError(chl, EINVAL);
+	inode->Unref();
+}
+
+void HandleReadAt(int chl, struct fsm_req_pread* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->ino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	uint8_t* buf = (uint8_t*) malloc(msg->count);
+	if ( !buf ) { inode->Unref(); RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	ssize_t amount = inode->ReadAt(buf, msg->count, msg->offset);
+	inode->Unref();
+	if ( amount < 0 ) { free(buf); RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	RespondRead(chl, buf, amount);
+	free(buf);
+}
+
+void HandleWriteAt(int chl, struct fsm_req_pwrite* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->ino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	const uint8_t* buf = (const uint8_t*) &msg[1];
+	ssize_t amount = inode->WriteAt(buf, msg->count, msg->offset);
+	inode->Unref();
+	if ( amount < 0 ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	RespondWrite(chl, amount);
+}
+
+void HandleOpen(int chl, struct fsm_req_open* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->dirino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	char* pathraw = (char*) &(msg[1]);
+	char* path = (char*) malloc(msg->namelen+1);
+	if ( !path )
+	{
+		RespondError(chl, errno);
+		inode->Unref();
+		return;
+	}
+	memcpy(path, pathraw, msg->namelen);
+	path[msg->namelen] = '\0';
+
+	Inode* result = inode->Open(path, msg->flags, msg->mode & 07777);
+
+	free(path);
+	inode->Unref();
+
+	if ( !result ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	RespondOpen(chl, result->inode_id, result->Mode() & S_IFMT);
+	// TODO: Unfortunately Open does not implicitly imply RemoteRefer so we need
+	// to try and pretend that it does so the inode isn't destroyed early.
+	result->implied_reference++;
+	result->RemoteRefer();
+	result->Unref();
+}
+
+void HandleMakeDir(int chl, struct fsm_req_mkdir* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->dirino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	char* pathraw = (char*) &(msg[1]);
+	char* path = (char*) malloc(msg->namelen+1);
+	if ( !path )
+	{
+		RespondError(chl, errno);
+		inode->Unref();
+		return;
+	}
+	memcpy(path, pathraw, msg->namelen);
+	path[msg->namelen] = '\0';
+
+	Inode* result = inode->CreateDirectory(path, msg->mode & 07777);
+
+	free(path);
+	inode->Unref();
+
+	if ( !result ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	RespondMakeDir(chl, result->inode_id);
+	result->Unref();
+}
+
+// TODO: Encapsulate.
+void HandleReadDir(int chl, struct fsm_req_readdirents* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->ino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	if ( !S_ISDIR(inode->Mode()) )
+	{
+		inode->Unref();
+		RespondError(chl, ENOTDIR);
+		return;
+	}
+	union
+	{
+		struct dirent kernel_entry;
+		// TODO: Adjust with LFN's real limit.
+		uint8_t padding[sizeof(struct dirent) + 256];
+	};
+	memset(&kernel_entry, 0, sizeof(kernel_entry));
+
+	if ( inode->inode_id == inode->filesystem->root_inode_id )
+	{
+		if ( msg->rec_num < 2 )
+		{
+			const char* name = msg->rec_num ? ".." : ".";
+			size_t name_len = strlen(name);
+			kernel_entry.d_reclen = sizeof(kernel_entry) + name_len;
+			kernel_entry.d_ino = inode->inode_id;
+			kernel_entry.d_dev = 0;
+			kernel_entry.d_type = DT_DIR;
+			kernel_entry.d_namlen = name_len;
+			memcpy(kernel_entry.d_name, name, name_len);
+			size_t dname_offset = offsetof(struct dirent, d_name);
+			padding[dname_offset + kernel_entry.d_namlen] = '\0';
+			RespondReadDir(chl, &kernel_entry);
+			return;
+		}
+		msg->rec_num -= 2;
+	}
+
+	uint32_t cluster = inode->first_cluster;
+	uint8_t sector = 0;
+	uint16_t offset = 0;
+	Block* block = NULL;
+	while ( inode->Iterate(&block, &cluster, &sector, &offset) )
+	{
+		const uint8_t* block_data = block->block_data + offset;
+		const struct fat_dirent* entry = (const struct fat_dirent*) block_data;
+		if ( !entry->name[0] )
+			break;
+		if ( (unsigned char) entry->name[0] != 0xE5 &&
+		     !(entry->attributes & FAT_ATTRIBUTE_VOLUME_ID) &&
+		     !(msg->rec_num--) )
+		{
+			char name[8 + 1 + 3 + 1];
+			decode_8_3(entry->name, name);
+			size_t name_len = strnlen(entry->name, sizeof(entry->name));
+			uint8_t file_type =
+				entry->attributes & FAT_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY ? DT_DIR : DT_REG;
+			kernel_entry.d_reclen = sizeof(kernel_entry) + name_len;
+			kernel_entry.d_ino = entry->cluster_low | entry->cluster_high << 16;
+			kernel_entry.d_dev = 0;
+			kernel_entry.d_type = file_type;
+			kernel_entry.d_namlen = name_len;
+			memcpy(kernel_entry.d_name, name, name_len);
+			size_t dname_offset = offsetof(struct dirent, d_name);
+			padding[dname_offset + kernel_entry.d_namlen] = '\0';
+			block->Unref();
+			inode->Unref();
+			RespondReadDir(chl, &kernel_entry);
+			return;
+		}
+		offset += sizeof(struct fat_dirent);
+	}
+	int errnum = errno;
+	if ( block )
+		block->Unref();
+	inode->Unref();
+	if ( errnum )
+	{
+		RespondError(chl, errnum);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	kernel_entry.d_reclen = sizeof(kernel_entry);
+	RespondReadDir(chl, &kernel_entry);
+}
+
+void HandleIsATTY(int chl, struct fsm_req_isatty* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->ino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	RespondError(chl, ENOTTY);
+	inode->Unref();
+}
+
+void HandleUnlink(int chl, struct fsm_req_unlink* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->dirino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	char* pathraw = (char*) &(msg[1]);
+	char* path = (char*) malloc(msg->namelen+1);
+	if ( !path )
+	{
+		RespondError(chl, errno);
+		inode->Unref();
+		return;
+	}
+	memcpy(path, pathraw, msg->namelen);
+	path[msg->namelen] = '\0';
+
+	bool result = inode->Unlink(path, false);
+	free(path);
+	inode->Unref();
+
+	if ( !result ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	RespondSuccess(chl);
+}
+
+void HandleRemoveDir(int chl, struct fsm_req_rmdir* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->dirino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	char* pathraw = (char*) &(msg[1]);
+	char* path = (char*) malloc(msg->namelen+1);
+	if ( !path )
+	{
+		RespondError(chl, errno);
+		inode->Unref();
+		return;
+	}
+	memcpy(path, pathraw, msg->namelen);
+	path[msg->namelen] = '\0';
+
+	bool result = inode->RemoveDirectory(path);
+	free(path);
+	inode->Unref();
+
+	if ( !result ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	RespondSuccess(chl);
+}
+
+void HandleLink(int chl, struct fsm_req_link* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->dirino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	Inode* dest = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->linkino);
+	if ( !dest ) { inode->Unref(); RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	char* pathraw = (char*) &(msg[1]);
+	char* path = (char*) malloc(msg->namelen+1);
+	if ( !path )
+	{
+		RespondError(chl, errno);
+		inode->Unref();
+		return;
+	}
+	memcpy(path, pathraw, msg->namelen);
+	path[msg->namelen] = '\0';
+
+	bool result = inode->Link(path, dest, false);
+
+	free(path);
+	dest->Unref();
+	inode->Unref();
+
+	if ( !result ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	RespondSuccess(chl);
+}
+
+void HandleSymlink(int chl, struct fsm_req_symlink* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	Inode* inode = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->dirino);
+	if ( !inode ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	char* dest_raw = (char*) &(msg[1]);
+	char* dest = (char*) malloc(msg->targetlen + 1);
+	if ( !dest )
+	{
+		RespondError(chl, errno);
+		inode->Unref();
+		return;
+	}
+	memcpy(dest, dest_raw, msg->targetlen);
+	dest[msg->targetlen] = '\0';
+
+	char* path_raw = (char*) dest_raw + msg->targetlen;
+	char* path = (char*) malloc(msg->namelen + 1);
+	if ( !path )
+	{
+		free(dest);
+		RespondError(chl, errno);
+		inode->Unref();
+		return;
+	}
+	memcpy(path, path_raw, msg->namelen);
+	path[msg->namelen] = '\0';
+
+	bool result = inode->Symlink(path, dest);
+
+	free(path);
+	free(dest);
+	inode->Unref();
+
+	if ( !result ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	RespondSuccess(chl);
+}
+
+void HandleReadlink(int chl, struct fsm_req_readlink* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	(void) msg;
+	(void) fs;
+	RespondError(chl, EINVAL);
+}
+
+void HandleRename(int chl, struct fsm_req_rename* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	char* pathraw = (char*) &(msg[1]);
+	char* path = (char*) malloc(msg->oldnamelen+1 + msg->newnamelen+1);
+	if ( !path ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	memcpy(path, pathraw, msg->oldnamelen);
+	path[msg->oldnamelen] = '\0';
+	memcpy(path + msg->oldnamelen + 1, pathraw + msg->oldnamelen, msg->newnamelen);
+	path[msg->oldnamelen + 1 + msg->newnamelen] = '\0';
+
+	const char* oldname = path;
+	const char* newname = path + msg->oldnamelen + 1;
+
+	Inode* olddir = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->olddirino);
+	if ( !olddir ) { free(path); RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+	Inode* newdir = SafeGetInode(fs, msg->newdirino);
+	if ( !newdir ) { olddir->Unref(); free(path); RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	bool result = newdir->Rename(olddir, oldname, newname);
+
+	newdir->Unref();
+	olddir->Unref();
+	free(path);
+
+	if ( !result ) { RespondError(chl, errno); return; }
+
+	RespondSuccess(chl);
+}
+
+void HandleStatVFS(int chl, struct fsm_req_statvfs* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	(void) msg;
+	struct statvfs stvfs;
+	stvfs.f_bsize = fs->cluster_size;
+	stvfs.f_frsize = fs->cluster_size;
+	stvfs.f_blocks = fs->cluster_count;
+	// TODO: Locate FsInfo and count on FAT12/FAT16.
+	stvfs.f_bfree = fs->CalculateFreeCount();
+	stvfs.f_bavail = stvfs.f_bfree;
+	stvfs.f_files = stvfs.f_blocks;
+	stvfs.f_ffree = stvfs.f_bfree;
+	stvfs.f_favail = stvfs.f_files;
+	stvfs.f_fsid = 0;
+	stvfs.f_flag = 0;
+	if ( !fs->device->write )
+		stvfs.f_flag |= ST_RDONLY;
+	stvfs.f_namemax = 8 + 3; // TODO: Long file name support.
+	RespondStatVFS(chl, &stvfs);
+}
+
+void HandleTCGetBlob(int chl, struct fsm_req_tcgetblob* msg, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	char* nameraw = (char*) &(msg[1]);
+	char* name = (char*) malloc(msg->namelen + 1);
+	if ( !name )
+		return (void) RespondError(chl, errno);
+	memcpy(name, nameraw, msg->namelen);
+	name[msg->namelen] = '\0';
+
+	static const char index[] =
+		"device-path\0filesystem-type\0filesystem-uuid\0mount-path\0"
+		"fat-size\0volume-id\0volume-label\0";
+	if ( !strcmp(name, "") )
+		RespondTCGetBlob(chl, index, sizeof(index) - 1);
+	else if ( !strcmp(name, "device-path") )
+		RespondTCGetBlob(chl, fs->device->path, strlen(fs->device->path));
+	else if ( !strcmp(name, "filesystem-type") )
+		RespondTCGetBlob(chl, "fat", strlen("fat"));
+	else if ( !strcmp(name, "fat-size") )
+	{
+		const char* str = fs->fat_type == 32 ? "32" :
+		                  fs->fat_type == 16 ? "16" : "12";
+		RespondTCGetBlob(chl, str, strlen(str));
+	}
+	else if ( !strcmp(name, "filesystem-uuid") )
+	{
+		unsigned char uuid[16];
+		if ( fs->fat_type == 32 )
+		{
+			memcpy(uuid, &fs->bpb->fat32_volume_id, 4);
+			memcpy(uuid + 4, &fs->bpb->fat32_volume_label, 11);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			memcpy(uuid, &fs->bpb->fat12_volume_id, 4);
+			memcpy(uuid + 4, &fs->bpb->fat12_volume_label, 11);
+		}
+		uuid[15] = '\0';
+		RespondTCGetBlob(chl, uuid, sizeof(uuid));
+	}
+	else if ( !strcmp(name, "volume-id") )
+	{
+		if ( fs->fat_type == 32 )
+			RespondTCGetBlob(chl, &fs->bpb->fat32_volume_id, 4);
+		else
+			RespondTCGetBlob(chl, &fs->bpb->fat12_volume_id, 4);
+	}
+	else if ( !strcmp(name, "volume-label") )
+	{
+		if ( fs->fat_type == 32 )
+			RespondTCGetBlob(chl, &fs->bpb->fat32_volume_label, 11);
+		else
+			RespondTCGetBlob(chl, &fs->bpb->fat12_volume_label, 11);
+	}
+	else if ( !strcmp(name, "mount-path") )
+		RespondTCGetBlob(chl, fs->mount_path, strlen(fs->mount_path));
+	else
+		RespondError(chl, ENOENT);
+
+	free(name);
+}
+
+void HandleIncomingMessage(int chl, struct fsm_msg_header* hdr, Filesystem* fs)
+{
+	request_uid = hdr->uid;
+	request_gid = hdr->gid;
+	typedef void (*handler_t)(int, void*, Filesystem*);
+	handler_t handlers[FSM_MSG_NUM] = { NULL };
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_SYNC] = (handler_t) HandleSync;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_STAT] = (handler_t) HandleStat;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_CHMOD] = (handler_t) HandleChangeMode;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_CHOWN] = (handler_t) HandleChangeOwner;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_TRUNCATE] = (handler_t) HandleTruncate;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_LSEEK] = (handler_t) HandleSeek;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_PREAD] = (handler_t) HandleReadAt;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_OPEN] = (handler_t) HandleOpen;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_READDIRENTS] = (handler_t) HandleReadDir;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_PWRITE] = (handler_t) HandleWriteAt;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_ISATTY] = (handler_t) HandleIsATTY;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_UTIMENS] = (handler_t) HandleUTimens;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_MKDIR] = (handler_t) HandleMakeDir;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_RMDIR] = (handler_t) HandleRemoveDir;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_UNLINK] = (handler_t) HandleUnlink;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_LINK] = (handler_t) HandleLink;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_SYMLINK] = (handler_t) HandleSymlink;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_READLINK] = (handler_t) HandleReadlink;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_RENAME] = (handler_t) HandleRename;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_REFER] = (handler_t) HandleRefer;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_UNREF] = (handler_t) HandleUnref;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_STATVFS] = (handler_t) HandleStatVFS;
+	handlers[FSM_REQ_TCGETBLOB] = (handler_t) HandleTCGetBlob;
+	if ( FSM_MSG_NUM <= hdr->msgtype || !handlers[hdr->msgtype] )
+	{
+		warn("message type %zu not supported\n", hdr->msgtype);
+		RespondError(chl, ENOTSUP);
+		return;
+	}
+	uint8_t body_buffer[65536];
+	uint8_t* body = body_buffer;
+	if ( sizeof(body_buffer) < hdr->msgsize )
+	{
+		body = (uint8_t*) mmap(NULL, hdr->msgsize, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+		                       MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
+		if ( (void*) body == MAP_FAILED )
+		{
+			RespondError(chl, errno);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+	if ( readall(chl, body, hdr->msgsize) == hdr->msgsize )
+		handlers[hdr->msgtype](chl, body, fs);
+	else
+		RespondError(chl, errno);
+	if ( sizeof(body_buffer) < hdr->msgsize )
+		munmap(body, hdr->msgsize);
+}
+static volatile bool should_terminate = false;
+
+void TerminationHandler(int)
+{
+	should_terminate = true;
+}
+
+static void ready(void)
+{
+	const char* readyfd_env = getenv("READYFD");
+	if ( !readyfd_env )
+		return;
+	int readyfd = atoi(readyfd_env);
+	char c = '\n';
+	write(readyfd, &c, 1);
+	close(readyfd);
+	unsetenv("READYFD");
+}
+
+int fsmarshall_main(const char* argv0,
+                    const char* mount_path,
+                    bool foreground,
+                    Filesystem* fs,
+                    Device* dev)
+{
+	(void) argv0;
+
+	// Stat the root directory;
+	struct stat root_dir_st;
+	memset(&root_dir_st, 0, sizeof(root_dir_st));
+	root_dir_st.st_ino = fs->root_inode_id;
+	root_dir_st.st_mode = S_IFDIR | 0755;
+
+	// Create a filesystem server connected to the kernel that we'll listen on.
+	int serverfd = fsm_mountat(AT_FDCWD, mount_path, &root_dir_st, 0);
+	if ( serverfd < 0 )
+		err(1, "%s", mount_path);
+
+	// Make sure the server isn't unexpectedly killed and data is lost.
+	signal(SIGINT, TerminationHandler);
+	signal(SIGTERM, TerminationHandler);
+	signal(SIGQUIT, TerminationHandler);
+
+	// Become a background process in its own process group by default.
+	if ( !foreground )
+	{
+		pid_t child_pid = fork();
+		if ( child_pid < 0 )
+			err(1, "fork");
+		if ( child_pid )
+			exit(0);
+		setpgid(0, 0);
+	}
+	else
+		ready();
+
+	dev->SpawnSyncThread();
+
+	// Listen for filesystem messages and sync the filesystem every few seconds.
+	struct timespec last_sync_at;
+	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last_sync_at);
+	int channel;
+	while ( 0 <= (channel = accept(serverfd, NULL, NULL)) )
+	{
+		if ( should_terminate )
+			break;
+		struct fsm_msg_header hdr;
+		size_t amount;
+		if ( (amount = readall(channel, &hdr, sizeof(hdr))) != sizeof(hdr) )
+		{
+			//warn("incomplete header: got %zi of %zu bytes", amount, sizeof(hdr));
+			errno = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
+		HandleIncomingMessage(channel, &hdr, fs);
+		close(channel);
+
+		if ( dev->write && !dev->has_sync_thread )
+		{
+			struct timespec now;
+			clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
+
+			if ( 5 <= timespec_sub(now, last_sync_at).tv_sec )
+			{
+				fs->Sync();
+				last_sync_at = now;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// TODO: Replace with FAT concept.
+	// Garbage collect all open inode references.
+	while ( fs->mru_inode )
+	{
+		Inode* inode = fs->mru_inode;
+		if ( inode->remote_reference_count )
+			inode->RemoteUnref();
+		else if ( inode->reference_count )
+			inode->Unref();
+	}
+
+	// Sync the filesystem before shutting down.
+	if ( dev->write )
+		fs->Sync();
+
+	close(serverfd);
+
+	delete fs;
+	delete dev;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#endif

fat/fsmarshall.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * fsmarshall.h
+ * Sortix fsmarshall frontend.
+ */
+
+#ifndef FSMARSHALL_H
+#define FSMARSHALL_H
+
+class Device;
+class Filesystem;
+
+int fsmarshall_main(const char* argv0,
+                    const char* mount_path,
+                    bool foreground,
+                    Filesystem* fs,
+                    Device* dev);
+#endif

fat/fuse.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,618 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014, 2015 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * fuse.cpp
+ * FUSE frontend.
+ */
+
+#if !defined(__sortix__)
+
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#define FUSE_USE_VERSION 26
+#include <fuse.h>
+
+#include "ext-constants.h"
+#include "ext-structs.h"
+
+#include "blockgroup.h"
+#include "block.h"
+#include "device.h"
+#include "fatfs.h"
+#include "filesystem.h"
+#include "fuse.h"
+#include "inode.h"
+
+struct fat_fuse_ctx
+{
+	Device* dev;
+	Filesystem* fs;
+};
+
+#ifndef S_SETABLE
+#define S_SETABLE 02777
+#endif
+
+#define FUSE_FS (((struct fat_fuse_ctx*) (fuse_get_context()->private_data))->fs)
+
+void* fat_fuse_init(struct fuse_conn_info* /*conn*/)
+{
+	return fuse_get_context()->private_data;
+}
+
+void fat_fuse_destroy(void* fs_private)
+{
+	struct fat_fuse_ctx* fat_fuse_ctx = (struct fat_fuse_ctx*) fs_private;
+	while ( fat_fuse_ctx->fs->mru_inode )
+	{
+		Inode* inode = fat_fuse_ctx->fs->mru_inode;
+		if ( inode->remote_reference_count )
+			inode->RemoteUnref();
+		else if ( inode->reference_count )
+			inode->Unref();
+	}
+	fat_fuse_ctx->fs->Sync();
+	fat_fuse_ctx->dev->Sync();
+	delete fat_fuse_ctx->fs; fat_fuse_ctx->fs = NULL;
+	delete fat_fuse_ctx->dev; fat_fuse_ctx->dev = NULL;
+}
+
+Inode* fat_fuse_resolve_path(const char* path)
+{
+	Filesystem* fs = FUSE_FS;
+	Inode* inode = fs->GetInode(FAT_ROOT_INO);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return (Inode*) NULL;
+	while ( path[0] )
+	{
+		if ( *path == '/' )
+		{
+			if ( !FAT_S_ISDIR(inode->Mode()) )
+				return inode->Unref(), errno = ENOTDIR, (Inode*) NULL;
+			path++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		size_t elem_len = strcspn(path, "/");
+		char* elem = strndup(path, elem_len);
+		if ( !elem )
+			return inode->Unref(), errno = ENOTDIR, (Inode*) NULL;
+		path += elem_len;
+		Inode* next = inode->Open(elem, O_RDONLY, 0);
+		free(elem);
+		inode->Unref();
+		if ( !next )
+			return NULL;
+		inode = next;
+	}
+	return inode;
+}
+
+// Assumes that the path doesn't end with / unless it's the root directory.
+Inode* fat_fuse_parent_dir(const char** path_ptr)
+{
+	const char* path = *path_ptr;
+	Filesystem* fs = FUSE_FS;
+	Inode* inode = fs->GetInode(FAT_ROOT_INO);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return (Inode*) NULL;
+	while ( strchr(path, '/') )
+	{
+		if ( *path == '/' )
+		{
+			if ( !FAT_S_ISDIR(inode->Mode()) )
+				return inode->Unref(), errno = ENOTDIR, (Inode*) NULL;
+			path++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		size_t elem_len = strcspn(path, "/");
+		char* elem = strndup(path, elem_len);
+		if ( !elem )
+			return inode->Unref(), errno = ENOTDIR, (Inode*) NULL;
+		path += elem_len;
+		Inode* next = inode->Open(elem, O_RDONLY, 0);
+		free(elem);
+		inode->Unref();
+		if ( !next )
+			return (Inode*) NULL;
+		inode = next;
+	}
+	*path_ptr = *path ? path : ".";
+	assert(!strchr(*path_ptr, '/'));
+	return inode;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_getattr(const char* path, struct stat* st)
+{
+	Inode* inode = fat_fuse_resolve_path(path);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	StatInode(inode, st);
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_fgetattr(const char* /*path*/, struct stat* st,
+                       struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	Filesystem* fs = FUSE_FS;
+	Inode* inode = fs->GetInode((uint32_t) fi->fh);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	StatInode(inode, st);
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_readlink(const char* path, char* buf, size_t bufsize)
+{
+	Inode* inode = fat_fuse_resolve_path(path);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	if ( !FAT_S_ISLNK(inode->Mode()) )
+		return inode->Unref(), -(errno = EINVAL);
+	if ( !bufsize )
+		return inode->Unref(), -(errno = EINVAL);
+	ssize_t amount = inode->ReadAt((uint8_t*) buf, bufsize, 0);
+	if ( amount < 0 )
+		return inode->Unref(), -errno;
+	buf[(size_t) amount < bufsize ? (size_t) amount : bufsize - 1] = '\0';
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_mknod(const char* path, mode_t mode, dev_t dev)
+{
+	(void) path;
+	(void) mode;
+	(void) dev;
+	return -(errno = ENOSYS);
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_mkdir(const char* path, mode_t mode)
+{
+	Inode* inode = fat_fuse_parent_dir(&path);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	Inode* newdir = inode->CreateDirectory(path, ExtModeFromHostMode(mode));
+	inode->Unref();
+	if ( !newdir )
+		return -errno;
+	newdir->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_unlink(const char* path)
+{
+	Inode* inode = fat_fuse_parent_dir(&path);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	bool success = inode->Unlink(path, false);
+	inode->Unref();
+	return success ? 0 : -errno;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_rmdir(const char* path)
+{
+	Inode* inode = fat_fuse_parent_dir(&path);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	bool success = inode->RemoveDirectory(path);
+	inode->Unref();
+	return success ? 0 : -errno;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_symlink(const char* oldname, const char* newname)
+{
+	Inode* newdir = fat_fuse_parent_dir(&newname);
+	if ( !newdir )
+		return -errno;
+	bool success = newdir->Symlink(newname, oldname);
+	newdir->Unref();
+	return success ? 0 : -errno;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_rename(const char* oldname, const char* newname)
+{
+	Inode* olddir = fat_fuse_parent_dir(&oldname);
+	if ( !olddir )
+		return -errno;
+	Inode* newdir = fat_fuse_parent_dir(&newname);
+	if ( !newdir )
+		return olddir->Unref(), -errno;
+	bool success = newdir->Rename(olddir, oldname, newname);
+	newdir->Unref();
+	olddir->Unref();
+	return success ? 0 : -errno;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_link(const char* oldname, const char* newname)
+{
+	Inode* inode = fat_fuse_resolve_path(oldname);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	Inode* newdir = fat_fuse_parent_dir(&newname);
+	if ( !newdir )
+		return inode->Unref(), -errno;
+	bool success = inode->Link(newname, inode, false);
+	newdir->Unref();
+	inode->Unref();
+	return success ? 0 : -errno;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_chmod(const char* path, mode_t mode)
+{
+	Inode* inode = fat_fuse_resolve_path(path);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	if ( !FUSE_FS->device->write )
+		return inode->Unref(), -(errno = EROFS);
+	uint32_t req_mode = ExtModeFromHostMode(mode);
+	uint32_t old_mode = inode->Mode();
+	uint32_t new_mode = (old_mode & ~S_SETABLE) | (req_mode & S_SETABLE);
+	inode->SetMode(new_mode);
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_chown(const char* path, uid_t owner, gid_t group)
+{
+	Inode* inode = fat_fuse_resolve_path(path);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	if ( !FUSE_FS->device->write )
+		return inode->Unref(), -(errno = EROFS);
+	inode->SetUserId((uint32_t) owner);
+	inode->SetGroupId((uint32_t) group);
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_truncate(const char* path, off_t size)
+{
+	Inode* inode = fat_fuse_resolve_path(path);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	if ( !FUSE_FS->device->write )
+		return inode->Unref(), -(errno = EROFS);
+	inode->Truncate((uint64_t) size);
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_ftruncate(const char* /*path*/, off_t size,
+                        struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	Filesystem* fs = FUSE_FS;
+	Inode* inode = fs->GetInode((uint32_t) fi->fh);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	if ( !FUSE_FS->device->write )
+		return inode->Unref(), -(errno = EROFS);
+	inode->Truncate((uint64_t) size);
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_open(const char* path, struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	int flags = fi->flags;
+	Inode* dir = fat_fuse_parent_dir(&path);
+	if ( !dir )
+		return -errno;
+	Inode* result = dir->Open(path, flags, 0);
+	dir->Unref();
+	if ( !result )
+		return -errno;
+	fi->fh = (uint64_t) result->inode_id;
+	fi->keep_cache = 1;
+	result->RemoteRefer();
+	result->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_access(const char* path, int mode)
+{
+	Inode* dir = fat_fuse_parent_dir(&path);
+	if ( !dir )
+		return -errno;
+	Inode* result = dir->Open(path, O_RDONLY, 0);
+	dir->Unref();
+	if ( !result )
+		return -errno;
+	(void) mode;
+	result->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_create(const char* path, mode_t mode, struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	int flags = fi->flags | O_CREAT;
+	Inode* inode = fat_fuse_parent_dir(&path);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	Inode* result = inode->Open(path, flags, ExtModeFromHostMode(mode));
+	inode->Unref();
+	if ( !result )
+		return -errno;
+	fi->fh = (uint64_t) result->inode_id;
+	fi->keep_cache = 1;
+	result->RemoteRefer();
+	result->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_opendir(const char* path, struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	return fat_fuse_open(path, fi);
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_read(const char* /*path*/, char* buf, size_t count, off_t offset,
+                   struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	Filesystem* fs = FUSE_FS;
+	if ( INT_MAX < count )
+		count = INT_MAX;
+	Inode* inode = fs->GetInode((uint32_t) fi->fh);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	ssize_t result = inode->ReadAt((uint8_t*) buf, count, offset);
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0 <= result ? (int) result : -errno;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_write(const char* /*path*/, const char* buf, size_t count,
+                    off_t offset, struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	Filesystem* fs = FUSE_FS;
+	if ( INT_MAX < count )
+		count = INT_MAX;
+	Inode* inode = fs->GetInode((uint32_t) fi->fh);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	ssize_t result = inode->WriteAt((const uint8_t*) buf, count, offset);
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0 <= result ? (int) result : -errno;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_statfs(const char* /*path*/, struct statvfs* stvfs)
+{
+	memset(stvfs, 0, sizeof(*stvfs));
+	Filesystem* fs = FUSE_FS;
+	stvfs->f_bsize = fs->block_size;
+	stvfs->f_frsize = fs->block_size;
+	stvfs->f_blocks = fs->num_blocks;
+	stvfs->f_bfree = fs->sb->s_free_blocks_count;
+	stvfs->f_bavail = fs->sb->s_free_blocks_count;
+	stvfs->f_files = fs->num_inodes;
+	stvfs->f_ffree = fs->sb->s_free_inodes_count;
+	stvfs->f_favail = fs->sb->s_free_inodes_count;
+	stvfs->f_ffree = fs->sb->s_free_inodes_count;
+	stvfs->f_fsid = 0;
+	stvfs->f_flag = 0;
+	if ( !fs->device->write )
+		stvfs->f_flag |= ST_RDONLY;
+	stvfs->f_namemax = 255;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_flush(const char* /*path*/, struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	Filesystem* fs = FUSE_FS;
+	Inode* inode = fs->GetInode((uint32_t) fi->fh);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	inode->Sync();
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_release(const char* /*path*/, struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	Filesystem* fs = FUSE_FS;
+	Inode* inode = fs->GetInode((uint32_t) fi->fh);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	inode->RemoteUnref();
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_releasedir(const char* path, struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	return fat_fuse_release(path, fi);
+}
+
+int fat_fuse_fsync(const char* /*path*/, int data, struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	(void) data;
+	Filesystem* fs = FUSE_FS;
+	Inode* inode = fs->GetInode((uint32_t) fi->fh);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	inode->Sync();
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*int fat_fuse_syncdir(const char* path, int data, struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	return fat_fuse_sync(path, data, fi);
+}*/
+
+/*int fat_fuse_setxattr(const char *, const char *, const char *, size_t, int)
+{
+	return -(errno = ENOSYS);
+}*/
+
+/*int fat_fuse_getxattr(const char *, const char *, char *, size_t)
+{
+	return -(errno = ENOSYS);
+}*/
+
+/*int fat_fuse_listxattr(const char *, char *, size_t)
+{
+	return -(errno = ENOSYS);
+}*/
+
+/*int fat_fuse_removexattr(const char *, const char *)
+{
+	return -(errno = ENOSYS);
+}*/
+
+int fat_fuse_readdir(const char* /*path*/, void* buf, fuse_fill_dir_t filler,
+                      off_t rec_num, struct fuse_file_info* fi)
+{
+	Filesystem* fs = FUSE_FS;
+	Inode* inode = fs->GetInode((uint32_t) fi->fh);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	if ( !S_ISDIR(inode->Mode()) )
+		return inode->Unref(), -(errno = ENOTDIR);
+
+	uint64_t file_size = inode->Size();
+	uint64_t offset = 0;
+	Block* block = NULL;
+	uint64_t block_id = 0;
+	while ( offset < file_size )
+	{
+		uint64_t entry_block_id = offset / fs->block_size;
+		uint64_t entry_block_offset = offset % fs->block_size;
+		if ( block && block_id != entry_block_id )
+			block->Unref(),
+			block = NULL;
+		if ( !block && !(block = inode->GetBlock(block_id = entry_block_id)) )
+			return inode->Unref(), -errno;
+		const uint8_t* block_data = block->block_data + entry_block_offset;
+		const struct ext_dirent* entry = (const struct ext_dirent*) block_data;
+		if ( entry->inode && entry->name_len && (!rec_num || !rec_num--) )
+		{
+			char* entry_name = strndup(entry->name, entry->name_len);
+			if ( !entry_name )
+				return block->Unref(), inode->Unref(), -errno;
+			memcpy(entry_name, entry->name, entry->name_len);
+			bool full = filler(buf, entry_name, NULL, 0);
+			free(entry_name);
+			if ( full )
+			{
+				block->Unref();
+				inode->Unref();
+				return 0;
+			}
+		}
+		offset += entry->reclen;
+	}
+	if ( block )
+		block->Unref();
+
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*int fat_fuse_lock(const char*, struct fuse_file_info*, int, struct flock*)
+{
+	return -(errno = ENOSYS);
+}*/
+
+int fat_fuse_utimens(const char* path, const struct timespec tv[2])
+{
+	Inode* inode = fat_fuse_resolve_path(path);
+	if ( !inode )
+		return -errno;
+	if ( !FUSE_FS->device->write )
+		return inode->Unref(), -(errno = EROFS);
+	inode->BeginWrite();
+	inode->data->i_atime = tv[0].tv_sec;
+	inode->data->i_mtime = tv[1].tv_sec;
+	inode->FinishWrite();
+	inode->Unref();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*int fat_fuse_bmap(const char*, size_t blocksize, uint64_t* idx)
+{
+	return -(errno = ENOSYS);
+}*/
+
+int fat_fuse_main(const char* argv0,
+                   const char* mount_path,
+                   bool foreground,
+                   Filesystem* fs,
+                   Device* dev)
+{
+	struct fuse_operations operations;
+	memset(&operations, 0, sizeof(operations));
+
+	operations.access = fat_fuse_access;
+	operations.chmod = fat_fuse_chmod;
+	operations.chown = fat_fuse_chown;
+	operations.create = fat_fuse_create;
+	operations.destroy = fat_fuse_destroy;
+	operations.fgetattr = fat_fuse_fgetattr;
+	operations.flush = fat_fuse_flush;
+	operations.fsync = fat_fuse_fsync;
+	operations.ftruncate = fat_fuse_ftruncate;
+	operations.getattr = fat_fuse_getattr;
+	operations.init = fat_fuse_init;
+	operations.link = fat_fuse_link;
+	operations.mkdir = fat_fuse_mkdir;
+	operations.mknod = fat_fuse_mknod;
+	operations.opendir = fat_fuse_opendir;
+	operations.open = fat_fuse_open;
+	operations.readdir = fat_fuse_readdir;
+	operations.read = fat_fuse_read;
+	operations.readlink = fat_fuse_readlink;
+	operations.releasedir = fat_fuse_releasedir;
+	operations.release = fat_fuse_release;
+	operations.rename = fat_fuse_rename;
+	operations.rmdir = fat_fuse_rmdir;
+	operations.statfs = fat_fuse_statfs;
+	operations.symlink = fat_fuse_symlink;
+	operations.truncate = fat_fuse_truncate;
+	operations.unlink = fat_fuse_unlink;
+	operations.utimens = fat_fuse_utimens;
+	operations.write = fat_fuse_write;
+
+	operations.flag_nullpath_ok = 1;
+	operations.flag_nopath = 1;
+
+	char* argv_fuse[] =
+	{
+		(char*) argv0,
+		(char*) "-s",
+		(char*) mount_path,
+		(char*) NULL,
+	};
+
+	int argc_fuse = sizeof(argv_fuse) / sizeof(argv_fuse[0]) - 1;
+
+	struct fat_fuse_ctx fat_fuse_ctx;
+	fat_fuse_ctx.fs = fs;
+	fat_fuse_ctx.dev = dev;
+
+	(void) foreground;
+
+	return fuse_main(argc_fuse, argv_fuse, &operations, &fat_fuse_ctx);
+}
+
+#endif

fat/fuse.h

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2015 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * fuse.h
+ * FUSE frontend.
+ */
+
+#ifndef FUSE_H
+#define FUSE_H
+
+class Device;
+class Filesystem;
+
+int fat_fuse_main(const char* argv0,
+                   const char* mount_path,
+                   bool foreground,
+                   Filesystem* fs,
+                   Device* dev);
+
+#endif

fat/inode.h

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014, 2015, 2023 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * inode.h
+ * Filesystem inode.
+ */
+
+#ifndef INODE_H
+#define INODE_H
+
+class Block;
+class Filesystem;
+
+class Inode
+{
+public:
+	Inode(Filesystem* filesystem, uint32_t inode_id);
+	~Inode();
+
+public:
+	Inode* prev_inode;
+	Inode* next_inode;
+	Inode* prev_hashed;
+	Inode* next_hashed;
+	Inode* prev_dirty;
+	Inode* next_dirty;
+	Block* data_block;
+	struct fat_dirent* dirent;
+	struct fat_dirent deleted_dirent;
+	uint32_t first_cluster;
+	Filesystem* filesystem;
+	size_t reference_count;
+	size_t remote_reference_count;
+	size_t implied_reference;
+	uint32_t inode_id;
+	bool dirty;
+	bool deleted;
+
+public:
+	uint32_t Mode();
+	uint32_t UserId();
+	uint32_t GroupId();
+	uint64_t Size();
+	void UTimens(const struct timespec times[2]);
+	bool ChangeMode(mode_t mode);
+	bool ChangeOwner(uid_t uid, gid_t gid);
+	bool Truncate(uint64_t new_size);
+	Block* GetClusterSector(uint32_t cluster, uint8_t sector);
+	bool Iterate(Block** block_ptr, uint32_t* cluster_ptr,
+	             uint8_t* sector_ptr, uint16_t* offset);
+	uint32_t SeekCluster(uint32_t cluster_id);
+	Inode* Open(const char* elem, int flags, mode_t mode);
+	bool Link(const char* elem, Inode* dest, bool directories);
+	bool Symlink(const char* elem, const char* dest);
+	bool Unlink(const char* elem, bool directories, bool force=false);
+	Inode* UnlinkKeep(const char* elem, bool directories, bool force=false);
+	ssize_t ReadAt(uint8_t* buffer, size_t count, off_t offset);
+	ssize_t WriteAt(const uint8_t* buffer, size_t count, off_t offset);
+	bool Rename(Inode* olddir, const char* oldname, const char* newname);
+	Inode* CreateDirectory(const char* path, mode_t mode);
+	bool RemoveDirectory(const char* path);
+	bool IsEmptyDirectory();
+	void Refer();
+	void Unref();
+	void RemoteRefer();
+	void RemoteUnref();
+	void Sync();
+	void BeginWrite();
+	void FinishWrite();
+	void Modified();
+	void Use();
+	void Unlink();
+	void Prelink();
+	void Delete();
+
+};
+
+#endif

fat/ioleast.h

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2013, 2015 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * ioleast.h
+ * Versions of {,p}{read,write} that don't return until it has returned as much
+ * data as requested, end of file, or an error occurs. This is sometimes needed
+ * as read(2) and write(2) is not always guaranteed to fill up the entire
+ * buffer or write it all.
+ */
+
+#ifndef SORTIX_COMPATIBILITY_INCLUDE_IOLEAST_H
+#define SORTIX_COMPATIBILITY_INCLUDE_IOLEAST_H
+
+#if defined(__sortix__) || defined(__sortix_libc__)
+
+#include_next <ioleast.h>
+
+#else
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#if !defined(EEOF) && defined(EIO)
+#define EEOF EIO
+#endif
+
+__attribute__((unused)) static inline
+size_t readleast(int fd, void* buf_ptr, size_t least, size_t max)
+{
+	assert(least <= max);
+	unsigned char* buf = (unsigned char*) buf_ptr;
+	size_t done = 0;
+	do
+	{
+		ssize_t amount = read(fd, buf + done, max - done);
+		if ( amount < 0 )
+			return done;
+		if ( !amount && done < least )
+			return errno = EEOF, done;
+		if ( !amount )
+			break;
+		done += amount;
+	} while ( done < least );
+	return done;
+}
+
+__attribute__((unused)) static inline
+size_t writeleast(int fd, const void* buf_ptr, size_t least, size_t max)
+{
+	assert(least <= max);
+	const unsigned char* buf = (const unsigned char*) buf_ptr;
+	size_t done = 0;
+	do
+	{
+		ssize_t amount = write(fd, buf + done, max - done);
+		if ( amount < 0 )
+			return done;
+		if ( !amount && done < least )
+			return errno = EEOF, done;
+		if ( !amount )
+			break;
+		done += amount;
+	} while ( done < least );
+	return done;
+}
+
+__attribute__((unused)) static inline
+size_t preadleast(int fd, void* buf_ptr, size_t least, size_t max, off_t off)
+{
+	assert(least <= max);
+	unsigned char* buf = (unsigned char*) buf_ptr;
+	size_t done = 0;
+	do
+	{
+		ssize_t amount = pread(fd, buf + done, max - done, off + done);
+		if ( amount < 0 )
+			return done;
+		if ( !amount && done < least )
+			return errno = EEOF, done;
+		if ( !amount )
+			break;
+		done += amount;
+	} while ( done < least );
+	return done;
+}
+
+__attribute__((unused)) static inline
+size_t pwriteleast(int fd, const void* buf_ptr, size_t least, size_t max, off_t off)
+{
+	assert(least <= max);
+	const unsigned char* buf = (const unsigned char*) buf_ptr;
+	size_t done = 0;
+	do
+	{
+		ssize_t amount = pwrite(fd, buf + done, max - done, off + done);
+		if ( amount < 0 )
+			return done;
+		if ( !amount && done < least )
+			return errno = EEOF, done;
+		if ( !amount )
+			break;
+		done += amount;
+	} while ( done < least );
+	return done;
+}
+
+__attribute__((unused)) static inline
+size_t readall(int fd, void* buf, size_t count)
+{
+	return readleast(fd, buf, count, count);
+}
+
+__attribute__((unused)) static inline
+size_t writeall(int fd, const void* buf, size_t count)
+{
+	return writeleast(fd, buf, count, count);
+}
+
+__attribute__((unused)) static inline
+size_t preadall(int fd, void* buf, size_t count, off_t off)
+{
+	return preadleast(fd, buf, count, count, off);
+}
+
+__attribute__((unused)) static inline
+size_t pwriteall(int fd, const void* buf, size_t count, off_t off)
+{
+	return pwriteleast(fd, buf, count, count, off);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#endif

fat/util.h

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, 2015 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * util.h
+ * Utility functions for the filesystem implementation.
+ */
+
+#ifndef UTIL_H
+#define UTIL_H
+
+template <class T> T divup(T a, T b)
+{
+	return a/b + (a % b ? 1 : 0);
+}
+
+template <class T> T roundup(T a, T b)
+{
+	return a % b ? a + b - a % b : a;
+}
+
+static inline bool checkbit(const uint8_t* bitmap, size_t bit)
+{
+	uint8_t bits = bitmap[bit / 8UL];
+	return bits & (1U << (bit % 8UL));
+}
+
+static inline void setbit(uint8_t* bitmap, size_t bit)
+{
+	bitmap[bit / 8UL] |= 1U << (bit % 8UL);
+}
+
+static inline void clearbit(uint8_t* bitmap, size_t bit)
+{
+	bitmap[bit / 8UL] &= ~(1U << (bit % 8UL));
+}
+
+#endif

kernel/com.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2023 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
  *
  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
  * Handles communication to COM serial ports.
  */
 
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
@@ -38,6 +40,7 @@
 #include <sortix/kernel/thread.h>
 
 #include "com.h"
+#include "tty.h"
 
 extern "C" unsigned char nullpage[4096];
 
@@ -136,17 +139,30 @@ static inline bool CanWriteByte(uint16_t port)
 	return inport8(port + LSR) & LSR_THRE;
 }
 
-class DevCOMPort : public AbstractInode
+class DevCOMPort : public TTY
 {
 public:
-	DevCOMPort(dev_t dev, uid_t owner, gid_t group, mode_t mode, uint16_t port);
+	DevCOMPort(dev_t dev, uid_t owner, gid_t group, mode_t mode, uint16_t port,
+	           const char* name);
 	virtual ~DevCOMPort();
+	virtual int ioctl(ioctx_t* ctx, int cmd, uintptr_t arg);
 	virtual int sync(ioctx_t* ctx);
-	virtual ssize_t read(ioctx_t* ctx, uint8_t* buf, size_t count);
-	virtual ssize_t write(ioctx_t* ctx, const uint8_t* buf, size_t count);
+	virtual void tty_output(const unsigned char* buffer, size_t length);
+
+public:
+	bool Initialize(int interrupt);
+
+private:
+	static void InterruptHandler(struct interrupt_context*, void*);
+	static void InterruptWorkHandler(void* context);
+	void OnInterrupt();
+	void InterruptWork();
 
 private:
 	kthread_mutex_t port_lock;
+	struct interrupt_handler irq_registration;
+	struct interrupt_work interrupt_work;
+	struct winsize ws;
 	uint16_t port;
 	uint8_t pending_input_byte;
 	bool has_pending_input_byte;
@@ -154,24 +170,92 @@ private:
 };
 
 DevCOMPort::DevCOMPort(dev_t dev, uid_t owner, gid_t group, mode_t mode,
-                       uint16_t port)
+                       uint16_t port, const char* name) : TTY(dev, ino, mode,
+                       owner, group, name)
 {
-	inode_type = INODE_TYPE_STREAM;
 	this->port = port;
 	this->port_lock = KTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
-	this->stat_uid = owner;
-	this->stat_gid = group;
-	this->type = S_IFCHR;
-	this->stat_mode = (mode & S_SETABLE) | this->type;
-	this->dev = dev;
-	this->ino = (ino_t) this;
 	this->has_pending_input_byte = false;
+	interrupt_work.handler = InterruptWorkHandler;
+	interrupt_work.context = this;
 }
 
 DevCOMPort::~DevCOMPort()
 {
 }
 
+bool DevCOMPort::Initialize(int interrupt)
+{
+	uint8_t interrupts = 1;
+	// TODO: This was 9600.
+	tio.c_ispeed = B19200;
+	tio.c_ospeed = B19200;
+	uint16_t divisor = 115200 / tio.c_ispeed;
+	outport8(port + FCR, 0);
+	outport8(port + LCR, LCR_DLAB);
+	outport8(port + DLL, divisor & 0xFF);
+	outport8(port + DLM, divisor >> 8);
+	outport8(port + LCR, LCR_WLEN8); // 8n1
+	outport8(port + MCR, 0x1 /* DTR */ | 0x2 /* RTS */);
+	outport8(port + IER, interrupts);
+	irq_registration.handler = DevCOMPort::InterruptHandler;
+	irq_registration.context = this;
+	Interrupt::RegisterHandler(interrupt, &irq_registration);
+	return true;
+}
+
+void DevCOMPort::InterruptHandler(struct interrupt_context*, void* user)
+{
+	((DevCOMPort*) user)->OnInterrupt();
+}
+
+void DevCOMPort::OnInterrupt()
+{
+	if ( !IsLineReady(port) )
+		return;
+	Interrupt::ScheduleWork(&interrupt_work);
+}
+
+void DevCOMPort::InterruptWorkHandler(void* context)
+{
+	((DevCOMPort*) context)->InterruptWork();
+}
+
+void DevCOMPort::InterruptWork()
+{
+	ScopedLock lock1(&termlock);
+	ScopedLock lock2(&port_lock);
+	while ( IsLineReady(port) )
+	{
+		unsigned char byte = inport8(port + RXR);
+		if ( tio.c_cflag & CREAD )
+			ProcessByte(byte);
+	}
+}
+
+int DevCOMPort::ioctl(ioctx_t* ctx, int cmd, uintptr_t arg)
+{
+	ScopedLock lock(&termlock);
+	if ( hungup )
+		return errno = EIO, -1;
+	if ( cmd == TIOCGWINSZ )
+	{
+		struct winsize* user_ws = (struct winsize*) arg;
+		if ( !ctx->copy_to_dest(user_ws, &ws, sizeof(ws)) )
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	else if ( cmd == TIOCSWINSZ )
+	{
+		const struct winsize* user_ws = (const struct winsize*) arg;
+		if ( !ctx->copy_from_src(&ws, user_ws, sizeof(ws)) )
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	lock.Reset();
+	return TTY::ioctl(ctx, cmd, arg);
+}
+
 int DevCOMPort::sync(ioctx_t* /*ctx*/)
 {
 	ScopedLock lock(&port_lock);
@@ -179,57 +263,9 @@ int DevCOMPort::sync(ioctx_t* /*ctx*/)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-ssize_t DevCOMPort::read(ioctx_t* ctx, uint8_t* dest, size_t count)
+void DevCOMPort::tty_output(const unsigned char* buffer, size_t length)
 {
-	ScopedLock lock(&port_lock);
-
-	for ( size_t i = 0; i < count; i++ )
-	{
-		unsigned long attempt = 0;
-		while ( !has_pending_input_byte && !IsLineReady(port) )
-		{
-			attempt++;
-			if ( attempt <= 10 )
-				continue;
-			if ( attempt <= 15 && !(ctx->dflags & O_NONBLOCK) )
-			{
-				kthread_mutex_unlock(&port_lock);
-				kthread_yield();
-				kthread_mutex_lock(&port_lock);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if ( i )
-				return (ssize_t) i;
-			if ( ctx->dflags & O_NONBLOCK )
-				return errno = EWOULDBLOCK, -1;
-			if ( Signal::IsPending() )
-				return errno = EINTR, -1;
-			kthread_mutex_unlock(&port_lock);
-			kthread_yield();
-			kthread_mutex_lock(&port_lock);
-		}
-
-		uint8_t value = has_pending_input_byte ?
-		                pending_input_byte :
-		                inport8(port + RXR);
-		if ( !ctx->copy_to_dest(dest + i, &value, sizeof(value)) )
-		{
-			has_pending_input_byte = true;
-			pending_input_byte = value;
-			return i ? (ssize_t) i : -1;
-		}
-
-		has_pending_input_byte = false;
-	}
-
-	return (ssize_t) count;
-}
-
-ssize_t DevCOMPort::write(ioctx_t* ctx, const uint8_t* src, size_t count)
-{
-	ScopedLock lock(&port_lock);
-
-	for ( size_t i = 0; i < count; i++ )
+	for ( size_t i = 0; i < length; i++ )
 	{
 		unsigned long attempt = 0;
 		while ( !CanWriteByte(port) )
@@ -237,7 +273,7 @@ ssize_t DevCOMPort::write(ioctx_t* ctx, const uint8_t* src, size_t count)
 			attempt++;
 			if ( attempt <= 10 )
 				continue;
-			if ( attempt <= 15 && !(ctx->dflags & O_NONBLOCK) )
+			if ( attempt <= 15 )
 			{
 				kthread_mutex_unlock(&port_lock);
 				kthread_yield();
@@ -245,20 +281,16 @@ ssize_t DevCOMPort::write(ioctx_t* ctx, const uint8_t* src, size_t count)
 				continue;
 			}
 			if ( i )
-				return (ssize_t) i;
-			if ( ctx->dflags & O_NONBLOCK )
-				return errno = EWOULDBLOCK, -1;
+				return;
+			// TODO: This is problematic.
 			if ( Signal::IsPending() )
-				return errno = EINTR, -1;
+			{
+				errno = EINTR;
+				return;
+			}
 		}
-
-		uint8_t value;
-		if ( !ctx->copy_from_src(&value, src + i, sizeof(value)) )
-			return i ? (ssize_t) i : -1;
-		outport8(port + TXR, value);
+		outport8(port + TXR, buffer[i]);
 	}
-
-	return (ssize_t) count;
 }
 
 static Ref<DevCOMPort> com_devices[1 + NUM_COM_PORTS];
@@ -282,21 +314,6 @@ void Init(const char* devpath, Ref<Descriptor> slashdev)
 
 	ioctx_t ctx; SetupKernelIOCtx(&ctx);
 
-	for ( size_t i = 1; i <= NUM_COM_PORTS; i++ )
-	{
-		uint16_t port = com_ports[i];
-		if ( !port )
-			continue;
-		uint8_t interrupts = 0;
-		outport8(port + FCR, 0);
-		outport8(port + LCR, 0x80);
-		outport8(port + DLL, 0xC);
-		outport8(port + DLM, 0x0);
-		outport8(port + LCR, 0x3); // 8n1
-		outport8(port + MCR, 0x3); // DTR + RTS
-		outport8(port + IER, interrupts);
-	}
-
 	for ( size_t i = 1; i <= NUM_COM_PORTS; i++ )
 	{
 		if ( !com_ports[i] )
@@ -304,13 +321,17 @@ void Init(const char* devpath, Ref<Descriptor> slashdev)
 			com_devices[i] = Ref<DevCOMPort>();
 			continue;
 		}
-		com_devices[i] = Ref<DevCOMPort>(new DevCOMPort(slashdev->dev, 0, 0, 0660, com_ports[i]));
-		if ( !com_devices[i] )
+		char ttyname[TTY_NAME_MAX+1];
+		snprintf(ttyname, sizeof(ttyname), "com%zu", i);
+		Ref<DevCOMPort> com(
+			new DevCOMPort(slashdev->dev, 0, 0, 0660, com_ports[i], ttyname));
+		if ( !com )
 			PanicF("Unable to allocate device for COM port %zu", i);
-		char name[3 + sizeof(size_t) * 3];
-		snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "com%zu", i);
-		if ( LinkInodeInDir(&ctx, slashdev, name, com_devices[i]) != 0 )
-			PanicF("Unable to link %s/%s to COM port driver.", devpath, name);
+		com_devices[i] = com;
+		int interrupt = i == 1 || i == 3 ? Interrupt::IRQ4 : Interrupt::IRQ3;
+		com->Initialize(interrupt);
+		if ( LinkInodeInDir(&ctx, slashdev, ttyname, com) != 0 )
+			PanicF("Unable to link %s/%s to COM port driver.", devpath, ttyname);
 	}
 }
 

kernel/kernel.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2011-2018, 2021-2022 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011-2018, 2021-2023 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
  *
  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
@@ -233,6 +233,13 @@ extern "C" void KernelInit(unsigned long magic, multiboot_info_t* bootinfo_p)
 
 	if ( !(kernel_options = strdup(cmdline ? cmdline : "")) )
 		Panic("Failed to allocate kernel command line");
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+	// TODO: Detect EFI.
+	kernel_firmware = "bios";
+#else
+	#warning "Name your system firmware here"
+	kernel_firmware = "unknown";
+#endif
 
 	int argmax = 1;
 	argv = new char*[argmax + 1];
@@ -288,6 +295,20 @@ extern "C" void KernelInit(unsigned long magic, multiboot_info_t* bootinfo_p)
 			enable_network_drivers = true;
 		else if ( !strcmp(arg, "--no-random-seed") )
 			no_random_seed = true;
+		else if ( !strncmp(arg, "--firmware=", strlen("--firmware=")) )
+		{
+			const char* firmware = arg + strlen("--firmware=");
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+			if ( !strcmp(firmware, "bios") || !strcmp(firmware, "pc") )
+				kernel_firmware = "bios";
+			else if ( !strcmp(firmware, "efi") )
+				kernel_firmware = "efi";
+			else
+#endif
+			{
+				PanicF("Unsupported firmware option: %s", firmware);
+			}
+		}
 		else
 		{
 			Log::PrintF("\r\e[J");

kernel/kernelinfo.cpp

@@ -34,20 +34,17 @@
 namespace Sortix {
 
 char* kernel_options;
+const char* kernel_firmware;
 
 static const char* KernelInfo(const char* req)
 {
-	if ( strcmp(req, "name") == 0 ) { return BRAND_KERNEL_NAME; }
-	if ( strcmp(req, "version") == 0 ) { return VERSIONSTR; }
-	if ( strcmp(req, "tagline") == 0 ) { return BRAND_RELEASE_TAGLINE; }
-	if ( strcmp(req, "options") == 0 ) { return kernel_options; }
-	if ( strcmp(req, "builddate") == 0 ) { return __DATE__; }
-	if ( strcmp(req, "buildtime") == 0 ) { return __TIME__; }
-#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
-	if ( strcmp(req, "firmware") == 0 ) { return "bios"; }
-#else
-	#warning "Name your system firmware here"
-#endif
+	if ( strcmp(req, "name") == 0 ) return BRAND_KERNEL_NAME;
+	if ( strcmp(req, "version") == 0 ) return VERSIONSTR;
+	if ( strcmp(req, "tagline") == 0 ) return BRAND_RELEASE_TAGLINE;
+	if ( strcmp(req, "options") == 0 ) return kernel_options;
+	if ( strcmp(req, "builddate") == 0 ) return __DATE__;
+	if ( strcmp(req, "buildtime") == 0 ) return __TIME__;
+	if ( strcmp(req, "firmware") == 0 ) return kernel_firmware;
 	return NULL;
 }
 

kernel/kernelinfo.h

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 namespace Sortix {
 
 extern char* kernel_options;
+extern const char* kernel_firmware;
 
 } // namespace Sortix
 

libmount/Makefile

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ devices.o \
 crc32.o \
 ext2.o \
 extended.o \
+fat.o \
 filesystem.o \
 gpt.o \
 harddisk.o \

libmount/ext2.c

@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ static bool ext2_probe(struct blockdevice* bdev,
                        const unsigned char* leading,
                        size_t amount)
 {
+	// TODO: Strongly prefer a UUID indication before probing.
 	(void) bdev;
 	if ( amount < 1024 )
 		return false;

libmount/fat.c

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * fat.c
+ * File Allocation Table filesystem.
+ */
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <mount/blockdevice.h>
+#include <mount/fat.h>
+#include <mount/filesystem.h>
+#include <mount/partition.h>
+#include <mount/uuid.h>
+
+#include "util.h"
+
+static size_t fat_probe_amount(struct blockdevice* bdev)
+{
+	(void) bdev;
+	return 512;
+}
+
+static bool fat_probe(struct blockdevice* bdev,
+                      const unsigned char* leading,
+                      size_t amount)
+{
+	(void) leading;
+	(void) amount;
+	// TODO: Relax restriction that this must be a partition? At least for non-EFI.
+	struct partition* p = bdev->p;
+	if ( !p )
+		return false;
+	// TODO: Test for a space padded FAT32 at 0x52 + 8 bytes.
+	if ( p->table_type == PARTITION_TABLE_TYPE_GPT )
+	{
+		unsigned char bdp_uuid[16];
+		uuid_from_string(bdp_uuid, BDP_GPT_TYPE_UUID);
+		unsigned char esp_uuid[16];
+		uuid_from_string(esp_uuid, ESP_GPT_TYPE_UUID);
+		// TODO: Additional probing is needed to detect FAT vs NTFS.
+		return memcmp(p->gpt_type_guid, bdp_uuid, 16) == 0 ||
+		       memcmp(p->gpt_type_guid, esp_uuid, 16) == 0;
+	}
+	if ( p->table_type == PARTITION_TABLE_TYPE_MBR )
+		return p->mbr_system_id == 0x01 ||
+		       p->mbr_system_id == 0x04 ||
+		       p->mbr_system_id == 0x06 ||
+		       p->mbr_system_id == 0x04 ||
+		       p->mbr_system_id == 0x0C ||
+		       p->mbr_system_id == 0x0E ||
+		       p->mbr_system_id == 0xEF;
+	return false;
+}
+
+static void fat_release(struct filesystem* fs)
+{
+	if ( !fs )
+		return;
+	free(fs);
+}
+
+static enum filesystem_error fat_inspect(struct filesystem** fs_ptr,
+                                         struct blockdevice* bdev)
+{
+	*fs_ptr = NULL;
+	struct filesystem* fs = CALLOC_TYPE(struct filesystem);
+	if ( !fs )
+		return FILESYSTEM_ERROR_ERRNO;
+	fs->bdev = bdev;
+	fs->handler = &fat_handler;
+	fs->handler_private = NULL;
+	unsigned char vbr[512];
+	if ( blockdevice_preadall(bdev, vbr, sizeof(vbr), 0) != sizeof(vbr) )
+		return fat_release(fs), FILESYSTEM_ERROR_ERRNO;
+	// TODO: Report efi instead if ESP.
+	fs->fstype_name = "fat";
+	// TODO: Port a fat fsck.
+	fs->driver = "fatfs";
+	fs->flags |= FILESYSTEM_FLAG_UUID;
+	// Use the serial number + label as the UUID.
+	// TODO: The location varies between FAT12/16 and FAT32. This is the wrong
+	// way to detect the FAT type.
+	if ( vbr[82 + 3] == '3' && vbr[82 + 4] == '2' )
+		memcpy(fs->uuid, vbr + 67, 4 + 11);
+	else
+		memcpy(fs->uuid, vbr + 39, 4 + 11);
+	return *fs_ptr = fs, FILESYSTEM_ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+const struct filesystem_handler fat_handler =
+{
+	.handler_name = "fat",
+	.probe_amount = fat_probe_amount,
+	.probe = fat_probe,
+	.inspect = fat_inspect,
+	.release = fat_release,
+};

libmount/filesystem.c

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include <mount/blockdevice.h>
 #include <mount/ext2.h>
 #include <mount/extended.h>
+#include <mount/fat.h>
 #include <mount/filesystem.h>
 #include <mount/iso9660.h>
 #include <mount/partition.h>
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@ static const struct filesystem_handler* filesystem_handlers[] =
 	&extended_handler,
 	&ext2_handler,
 	&iso9660_handler,
+	&fat_handler,
 	NULL,
 };
 

libmount/include/mount/fat.h

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * mount/fat.h
+ * File Allocation Table filesystem.
+ */
+
+#ifndef INCLUDE_MOUNT_FAT_H
+#define INCLUDE_MOUNT_FAT_H
+
+#include <mount/filesystem.h>
+
+#define BDP_GPT_TYPE_UUID "EBD0A0A2-B9E5-4433-87C0-68B6B72699C7"
+#define ESP_GPT_TYPE_UUID "C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B"
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+extern const struct filesystem_handler fat_handler;
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+} /* extern "C" */
+#endif
+
+#endif

nyan/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+nyan
+*.o

nyan/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+SOFTWARE_MEANT_FOR_SORTIX=1
+include ../build-aux/platform.mak
+include ../build-aux/compiler.mak
+include ../build-aux/dirs.mak
+
+OPTLEVEL?=-g -O2
+CFLAGS?=$(OPTLEVEL)
+
+CFLAGS:=$(CFLAGS) -Wall -Wextra
+
+PROGRAM=nyan
+
+OBJS=\
+nyan.o \
+
+LIBS:=-lui -ldisplay
+
+all: $(PROGRAM)
+
+.PHONY: all install clean
+
+install: all
+	mkdir -p $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)
+	install $(PROGRAM) $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)
+
+$(PROGRAM): $(OBJS)
+	$(CC) -std=gnu11 $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(OBJS) -o $@ $(LIBS)
+
+%.o: %.c
+	$(CC) -std=gnu11 $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+
+clean:
+	rm -f $(PROGRAM) *.o

nyan/nyan.c

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2014, 2015, 2016 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * nyan.c
+ * Window with animated nyancat.
+ */
+
+
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/keycodes.h>
+#include <sys/un.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <endian.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <error.h>
+#include <ioleast.h>
+#include <locale.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <timespec.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <display.h>
+
+#include "nyan.h"
+#include "pixel.h"
+
+uint32_t WINDOW_ID = 0;
+uint32_t WINDOW_WIDTH = 0;
+uint32_t WINDOW_HEIGHT = 0;
+
+bool need_redraw = true;
+bool need_show = true;
+bool need_exit = false;
+
+void on_disconnect(void* ctx)
+{
+	(void) ctx;
+	need_exit = true;
+}
+
+void on_quit(void* ctx, uint32_t window_id)
+{
+	(void) ctx;
+	if ( window_id != WINDOW_ID )
+		return;
+	need_exit = true;
+}
+
+void on_resize(void* ctx, uint32_t window_id, uint32_t width, uint32_t height)
+{
+	(void) ctx;
+	if ( window_id != WINDOW_ID )
+		return;
+	need_redraw = true;
+	WINDOW_WIDTH = width;
+	WINDOW_HEIGHT = height;
+}
+
+void on_keyboard(void* ctx, uint32_t window_id, uint32_t codepoint)
+{
+	(void) ctx;
+	if ( window_id != WINDOW_ID )
+		return;
+	(void) codepoint;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+	(void) argc;
+	(void) argv;
+
+	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
+	setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, 0);
+
+	struct display_connection* connection = display_connect_default();
+	if ( !connection && errno == ECONNREFUSED )
+		display_spawn(argc, argv);
+	if ( !connection )
+		error(1, errno, "Could not connect to display server");
+
+	WINDOW_WIDTH = 600;
+	WINDOW_HEIGHT = 600;
+
+	display_create_window(connection, WINDOW_ID);
+	display_resize_window(connection, WINDOW_ID, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT);
+	display_title_window(connection, WINDOW_ID, "Nyanyanyanyanyanyanya...");
+
+	struct timespec frame_duration = timespec_make(0, 90 * 1000 * 1000);
+
+	struct timespec last_frame;
+	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last_frame);
+
+	int frame_num = 0;
+
+	while ( !need_exit )
+	{
+		struct timespec now;
+		clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
+		struct timespec since_last_frame = timespec_sub(now, last_frame);
+
+		if ( !need_redraw && timespec_lt(since_last_frame, frame_duration) )
+		{
+			struct timespec remainder = timespec_sub(frame_duration, since_last_frame);
+			if ( timespec_lt(remainder, timespec_make(0, 10 * 1000 * 1000)) )
+				remainder = timespec_make(0, 10 * 1000 * 1000);
+			nanosleep(&remainder, NULL);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		while ( timespec_le(frame_duration, since_last_frame) )
+		{
+			if ( !nyan_frames[++frame_num] )
+				frame_num = 0;
+			need_redraw = true;
+			since_last_frame = timespec_sub(since_last_frame, frame_duration);
+		}
+
+		if ( need_redraw )
+		{
+			last_frame = now;
+
+			uint32_t* framebuffer = (uint32_t*) malloc(sizeof(uint32_t) * WINDOW_WIDTH * WINDOW_HEIGHT);
+
+			const char* const* frame = nyan_frames[frame_num];
+			for ( size_t y = 0; y < WINDOW_HEIGHT; y++ )
+			{
+				int yi = y * NYAN_FRAME_HEIGHT / WINDOW_HEIGHT;
+				const char* line = frame[yi];
+				for ( size_t x = 0; x < WINDOW_WIDTH; x++ )
+				{
+					int xi = x * NYAN_FRAME_WIDTH / WINDOW_WIDTH;
+					char elem = line[xi];
+					const uint8_t* cc = nyan_palette[nyan_palette_of_char(elem)];
+					framebuffer[y * WINDOW_WIDTH + x] = make_color_a(cc[0], cc[1], cc[2], cc[3]);;
+				}
+			}
+
+			display_render_window(connection, WINDOW_ID, 0, 0, WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT, framebuffer);
+
+			free(framebuffer);
+
+			need_redraw = false;
+		}
+
+		if ( need_show )
+		{
+			display_show_window(connection, WINDOW_ID);
+			need_show = false;
+		}
+
+		struct display_event_handlers handlers;
+		memset(&handlers, 0, sizeof(handlers));
+		handlers.disconnect_handler = on_disconnect;
+		handlers.quit_handler = on_quit;
+		handlers.resize_handler = on_resize;
+		handlers.keyboard_handler = on_keyboard;
+		while ( display_poll_event(connection, &handlers) == 0 );
+	}
+
+	display_disconnect(connection);
+
+	return 0;
+}

nyan/nyan.h

@@ -0,0 +1,859 @@
+/*
+ * Pop Tart Cat animation frames
+ * Adapted from ToAruOS.
+ */
+#ifndef INCLUDE_NYAN_H
+#define INCLUDE_NYAN_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+static const char* const nyan_frame0[] = {
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+".,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,>>>>>>>,,,,,,,,>>>>>>'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@$$$$$$$$$$$@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@$$$$$-$$-$$$$@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$-$$$$$$''$-$$@','',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$$$$$$$'**'$$$@''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&+++++++&&&&&&&&'''++'@$$$$$-$$'***$$$@'***',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++++++++++++++++++**''+'@$$$$$$$$'***''''****',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++++++++++++++++++'**'''@$$$$$$$$'***********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++#######++++++++''**''@$$$$$$-'*************',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################''**'@$-$$$$$'***.'****.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"####################''''@$$$$$$$'***''**'*''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###=======########====''@@$$$-$$'*%%********%%',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"======================='@@@$$$$$$'***''''''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"===;;;;;;;.=======;;;;'''@@@@@@@@@'*********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'***''''''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'**'','*',,,,,'*','**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;,,,,.,,;;;.;;;;,,,'''',,'',,,,,,,'',,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..,..,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"};
+
+static const char* const nyan_frame1[] = {
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..,..,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,.,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,.,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,>>>>>>>,,,,,,,,>>>>>>'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@$$$$$$$$$$$@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@$$$$$-$$-$$$$@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$-$$$$$$$''-$$@',,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$$$$$$$$'**'$$@','**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&+++++++&&&&&&&&+++++'@$$$$$-$$$'***$$@''***',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++'+++'@$$$$$$$$$'***''''****',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++++++++++++++++++'*'++'@$$$$$$$$$'***********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++#######++++++++'*''''@$$$$$$-$'*************',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################****'@$-$$$$$$'***.'****.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################''**'@$$$$$$$$'***''**'*''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###=======########==='''@@$$$-$$$'*%%********%%',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"======================='@@@$$$$$$$'***''''''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"===;;;;;;;========;;;;;''@@@@@@@@@@'*********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'**'''''''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'**','*',,,,,,**','**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;,,.,,,,;;;;;;;;,,,,''',,,'',,,,,,''',,''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..,,..,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"};
+
+static const char* const nyan_frame2[] = {
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..,.,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..,.",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.",
+">>,,,,,,,>>>>>>>>,,,,,,,,''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@$$$$$$$$$$$@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@@$$$$$-$$-$$$$@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$-$$$$$$$''-$$@',,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++&&&&&&&++++++++&&&&&&'@$$$$$$$$$'**'$$@','**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++++++'@$$$$$-$$$'***$$@''***',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++++++'@$$$$$$$$$'***''''****',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"##+++++++########++++++'@$$$$$$$$$'***********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"######################''@$$$$$$-$'*************',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################'''''@$-$$$$$$'***.'****.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"==#######========#'****'@$$$$$$$$'***''**'*''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"==================='''='@@$$$-$$$'*%%********%%',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;=======;;;;;;;;======'@@@$$$$$$$'***''''''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;''@@@@@@@@@@'*********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";.;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'*'''''''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+".,.;;;;;;,,,,,,,,;;;;;;'**',**',,,,,,**','**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,''',,''',,,,,,''',,''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"};
+
+static const char* const nyan_frame3[] = {
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,.,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,.,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,",
+">>,,,,,,,>>>>>>>>,,,,,,,,''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@$$$$$$$$$$$@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@@$$$$$-$$-$$$$@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$-$$$$$$$''-$$@',,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++&&&&&&&++++++++&&&&&&'@$$$$$$$$$'**'$$@','**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++++++'@$$$$$-$$$'***$$@''***',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++++++'@$$$$$$$$$'***''''****',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"##+++++++########++++++'@$$$$$$$$$'***********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"#####################'''@$$$$$$-$'*************',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################''**'@$-$$$$$$'***.'****.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"==#######========##****'@$$$$$$$$'***''**'*''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"=================='*'=='@@$$$-$$$'*%%********%%',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;=======;;;;;;;;=='==='@@@$$$$$$$'***''''''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;''@@@@@@@@@@'*********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'**'''''''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,;;;;;;;,,,,,,,,;;;;;'**','*',,,,,,'*','**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,''',,,'',,,,,,,'',,''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"};
+
+static const char* const nyan_frame4[] = {
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,>>>>>>>,,,,,,,,>>>>>>>''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@$$$$$$$$$$$@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@@$$$$$-$$-$$$$@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$-$$$$$$''$-$$@','',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&+++++++&&&&&&&&+++++'@$$$$$$$$'**'$$$@''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++++++'@$$$$$-$$'***$$$@'***',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++++++++++++++++++'''++'@$$$$$$$$'***''''****',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++#######+++++++'**''''@$$$$$$$$'***********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"#################'****''@$$$$$$-'*************',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"##################''''*'@$-$$$$$'***.'****.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###=======########==='''@$$$$$$$'***''**'*''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"======================='@@$$$-$$'*%%********%%',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"===;;;;;;;========;;;;''@@@$$$$$$'***''''''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;''''@@@@@@@@@'*********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'***'''''''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;,,,,,,,;;;;;;;;,,'**','**,,,,,,'**,'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,''',,,'',,,,,,,'',,''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,..,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"};
+
+static const char* const nyan_frame5[] = {
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..,..,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,>>>>>>>,,,,,,,,>>>>>>>''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@$$$$$$$$$$$@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@@$$$$$-$$''$$$@@','',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$-$$$$$'**'-$$@''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&+++++++&&&&&&&&+++++'@$$$$$$$$'***$$$@'***',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++'+++'@$$$$$-$$'***''''****',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++++++++++++++++++'*'++'@$$$$$$$$'***********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++#######++++++++'*''''@$$$$$$$'*************',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################****'@$$$$$$-'***.'****.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################''**'@$-$$$$$'***''**'*''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###=======########==='''@$$$$$$$'*%%********%%',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"======================='@@$$$-$$$'***''''''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"===;;;;;;;========;;;;''@@@$$$$$$$'*********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'*''@@@@@@@@@@''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'***''''''''''''''''*',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;,,,,,,,;;;;;;;;,,'**','**,,,,,,'**,'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..,.",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,''',,''',,,,,,''',,''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..,..,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",.,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"};
+
+static const char* const nyan_frame6[] = {
+".,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+".,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..,.,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>,,,,,,,>>>>>>>>,,,,,,,'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@$$$$$$$$$$$@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@$$$$$-$$-$$$$@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$-$$$$$$''$-$$@','',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$$$$$$$'**'$$$@''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++&&&&&&&++++++++&'''&&'@$$$$$-$$'***$$$@'***',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++++++++++++++++++'*''+'@$$$$$$$$'***''''****',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++++++++++++++++++'**'''@$$$$$$$$'***********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"##+++++++########++'**''@$$$$$$-'*************',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################''**'@$-$$$$$'***.'****.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"####################''''@$$$$$$$'***''**'*''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"==#######========#####''@@$$$-$$'*%%********%%',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"======================='@@@$$$$$$'***''''''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;=======;;;;;;;;====='''@@@@@@@@@'*********',,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'***''''''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,.,,,.,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'**'','*',,,,,'**,'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,;;;;;;;,,,,,,,,;;;;'''',,'',,,,,,,'',,'',,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,.,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"};
+
+static const char* const nyan_frame7[] = {
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..,..,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>,,,,,,,>>>>>>>>,,,,,,,'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@$$$$$$$$$$$@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@$$$$$-$$-$$$$@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$-$$$$$$$''-$$@',,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$$$$$$$$'**'$$@','**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++&&&&&&&++++++++&&&&&&'@$$$$$-$$$'***$$@''***',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++'+++'@$$$$$$$$$'***''''****',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++++++++++++++++++'*'++'@$$$$$$$$$'***********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"##+++++++########+'*''''@$$$$$$-$'*************',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################****'@$-$$$$$$'***.'****.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################''**'@$$$$$$$$'***''**'*''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"==#######========####'''@@$$$-$$$'*%%********%%',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"======================='@@@$$$$$$$'***''''''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;=======;;;;;;;;======''@@@@@@@@@@'*********',,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'**'''''''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'**','*',,,,,,**','**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,;;;;;;;,,,,,,,,;;;;;''',,,'',,,,,,''',,''',,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"};
+
+static const char* const nyan_frame8[] = {
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,..,...,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,>>>>>>>,,,,,,,,>>>>>>>''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@$$$$$$$$$$$@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@@$$$$$-$$-$$$$@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$-$$$$$$$''-$$@',,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&+++++++&&&&&&&&+++++'@$$$$$$$$$'**'$$@','**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++++++'@$$$$$-$$$'***$$@''***',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++++++'@$$$$$$$$$'***''''****',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++#######++++++++#####'@$$$$$$$$$'***********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"######################''@$$$$$$-$'*************',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################'''''@$-$$$$$$'***.'****.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###=======########'****'@$$$$$$$$'***''**'*''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"==================='''='@@$$$-$$$'*%%********%%',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"===;;;;;;;========;;;;;'@@@$$$$$$$'***''''''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;''@@@@@@@@@@'*********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'*'''''''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;,,,,,,,;;;;;;;;,,,,,'**',**',,,,,,**'.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,''',,''',,,,,,''',,''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,.,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,"};
+
+static const char* const nyan_frame9[] = {
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,.,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,>>>>>>>,,,,,,,,>>>>>>>''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@$$$$$$$$$$$@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@@$$$$$-$$-$$$$@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$-$$$$$$$''-$$@',,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&+++++++&&&&&&&&+++++'@$$$$$$$$$'**'$$@','**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++++++'@$$$$$-$$$'***$$@''***',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++++++'@$$$$$$$$$'***''''****',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++#######++++++++#####'@$$$$$$$$$'***********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"#####################'''@$$$$$$-$'*************',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################''**'@$-$$$$$$'***.'****.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###=======########=****'@$$$$$$$$'***''**'*''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"=================='*'=='@@$$$-$$$'*%%********%%',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"===;;;;;;;========;';;;'@@@$$$$$$$'***''''''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;''@@@@@@@@@@'*********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'**'''''''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;,,,,,,,;;;;;;;;,,,,'**','*',,..,.**','**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,''',,,'',,,,.,''',,''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,.,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,.,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"};
+
+static const char* const nyan_frame10[] = {
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+".,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+".,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>,,,,,,,>>>>>>>>,,,,,,,,''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@$$$$$$$$$$$@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@@$$$$$-$$-$$$$@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$-$$$$$$''$-$$@','',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++&&&&&&&++++++++&&&&&&'@$$$$$$$$'**'$$$@''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++++++'@$$$$$-$$'***$$$@'***',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++++++++++++++++++'''++'@$$$$$$$$'***''''****',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"##+++++++########'**''''@$$$$$$$$'***********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"#################'****''@$$$$$$-'*************',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"##################''''*'@$-$$$$$'***.'****.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"==#######========####'''@$$$$$$$'***''**'*''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"======================='@@$$$-$$'*%%********%%',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;=======;;;;;;;;=====''@@@$$$$$$'***''''''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;''''@@@@@@@@@'*********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'***'''''''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,;;;;;;;,,,,,,,,;;;'**'.'**..,,,,'**''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,''',,,'',,,,,,,''',''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+".,.,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"};
+
+static const char* const nyan_frame11[] = {
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>,,,,,,,>>>>>>>>,,,,,,,,''''''''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'@@@$$$$$$$$$$$@@@',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@@$$$$$-$$''$$$@@','',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'@$$-$$$$$'**'-$$@''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++&&&&&&&++++++++&&&&&&'@$$$$$$$$'***$$$@'***',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"+++++++++++++++++++'+++'@$$$$$-$$'***''''****',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"++++++++++++++++++'*'++'@$$$$$$$$'***********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"##+++++++########+'*''''@$$$$$$$'*************',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################****'@$$$$$$-'***.'****.'**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"###################''**'@$-$$$$$'***''**'*''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"==#######========####'''@$$$$$$$'*%%********%%',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+"======================='@@$$$-$$$'***''''''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;=======;;;;;;;;=.===''@@@$$$$$$$'*********',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;.'*''@@@@@@@@@@''''''''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+";;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;'***''''''''''''''''*',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,;;;;;;;,,,,,,,.;;;'**','**,,,,,,'**''**',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,''',,''',,,,,,''',,''',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,",
+",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"};
+
+static const char* const* const nyan_frames[] = {
+	nyan_frame0,
+	nyan_frame1,
+	nyan_frame2,
+	nyan_frame3,
+	nyan_frame4,
+	nyan_frame5,
+	nyan_frame6,
+	nyan_frame7,
+	nyan_frame8,
+	nyan_frame9,
+	nyan_frame10,
+	nyan_frame11,
+	NULL
+};
+
+#define NYAN_FRAME_WIDTH  64
+#define NYAN_FRAME_HEIGHT 64
+
+static inline uint8_t nyan_palette_of_char(char c)
+{
+	if ( c == ',' ) return 1;
+	if ( c == '.' ) return 2;
+	if ( c == '\'') return 3;
+	if ( c == '@' ) return 4;
+	if ( c == '$' ) return 5;
+	if ( c == '-' ) return 6;
+	if ( c == '>' ) return 7;
+	if ( c == '&' ) return 8;
+	if ( c == '+' ) return 9;
+	if ( c == '#' ) return 10;
+	if ( c == '=' ) return 11;
+	if ( c == ';' ) return 12;
+	if ( c == '*' ) return 13;
+	if ( c == '%' ) return 14;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const uint8_t nyan_palette[1+14][4] =
+{
+	{ 0, 0, 0, 0 }, // 0; Unused entry
+	{ 0, 0, 97, 200 }, // 1: , = Blue background
+	{ 255, 255, 255, 255 }, // 2: . = White stars
+	{ 46, 52, 54, 255 }, // 3: ' = Black border
+	{ 255, 255, 215, 255 }, // 4: @ = Tan poptart
+	{ 215, 135, 175, 255 }, // 5: $ = Pink potart
+	{ 215, 0, 135, 255 }, // 6: - = Red poptart
+	{ 239, 41, 41, 255 }, // 7: > = Red rainbow
+	{ 255, 95, 0, 255 }, // 8: & = Orange rainbow
+	{ 252, 233, 79, 255 }, // 9: + = Yellow rainbow
+	{ 138, 226, 52, 255 }, // 10: # = Green rainbow
+	{ 0, 135, 255, 255 }, // 11: = = Light blue rainbow
+	{ 0, 0, 175, 255 }, // 12: ; = Dark blue rainbow
+	{ 85, 87, 83, 255 }, // 13: * = Grey cat face
+	{ 85, 87, 83, 255 }, // 14: % = Pink cheeks
+};
+
+#endif

ports/mtools/mtools.patch

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+diff -Paur --no-dereference -- mtools.upstream/configure mtools/configure
+--- mtools.upstream/configure
++++ mtools/configure
+@@ -3964,17 +3964,11 @@
+ cat confdefs.h - <<_ACEOF >conftest.$ac_ext
+ /* end confdefs.h.  */
+ 
+-/* Override any GCC internal prototype to avoid an error.
+-   Use char because int might match the return type of a GCC
+-   builtin and then its argument prototype would still apply.  */
+-#ifdef __cplusplus
+-extern "C"
+-#endif
+-char iconv ();
++#include <iconv.h>
+ int
+ main ()
+ {
+-return iconv ();
++return (int) iconv;
+   ;
+   return 0;
+ }
+diff -Paur --no-dereference -- mtools.upstream/file.c mtools/file.c
+--- mtools.upstream/file.c
++++ mtools/file.c
+@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@
+ 		extern long timezone;
+ #endif
+ 		tzset();
+-		tzone = (long) timezone;
++		tzone = (long) 0;
+ 	}
+ #else
+ 	tzone = 0;
+diff -Paur --no-dereference -- mtools.upstream/mainloop.h mtools/mainloop.h
+--- mtools.upstream/mainloop.h
++++ mtools/mainloop.h
+@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
+  *  along with Mtools.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+  */
+ 
+-#include <sys/param.h>
+ #include "mtoolsDirentry.h"
+ 
+ typedef struct bounded_string {
+diff -Paur --no-dereference -- mtools.upstream/mcopy.c mtools/mcopy.c
+--- mtools.upstream/mcopy.c
++++ mtools/mcopy.c
+@@ -39,28 +39,12 @@
+ static void set_mtime(const char *target, time_t mtime)
+ {
+ 	if (target && strcmp(target, "-") && mtime != 0L) {
+-#ifdef HAVE_UTIMES
+-		struct timeval tv[2];
+-		tv[0].tv_sec = mtime;
+-		tv[0].tv_usec = 0;
+-		tv[1].tv_sec = mtime;
+-		tv[1].tv_usec = 0;
+-		utimes(target, tv);
+-#else
+-#ifdef HAVE_UTIME
+-#ifndef HAVE_UTIMBUF
+-		struct utimbuf {
+-			time_t actime;       /* access time */
+-			time_t modtime;      /* modification time */
+-		};
+-#endif		
+-		struct utimbuf utbuf;
+-
+-		utbuf.actime = mtime;
+-		utbuf.modtime = mtime;
+-		utime(target, &utbuf);
+-#endif
+-#endif
++		struct timespec ts[2];
++		ts[0].tv_sec = mtime;
++		ts[0].tv_nsec = 0;
++		ts[1].tv_sec = mtime;
++		ts[1].tv_nsec = 0;
++		utimens(target, ts);
+ 	}
+ 	return;
+ }
+diff -Paur --no-dereference -- mtools.upstream/plain_io.c mtools/plain_io.c
+--- mtools.upstream/plain_io.c
++++ mtools/plain_io.c
+@@ -145,7 +145,10 @@
+ static int init_geom_with_reg(int fd, struct device *dev,
+ 			      struct device *orig_dev,
+ 			      struct MT_STAT *statbuf) {
++	// TODO: Actually use the geometry but the partition has to report it.
++#ifndef __sortix__
+ 	if(S_ISREG(statbuf->st_mode)) {
++#endif
+ 		/* Regular file (image file) */
+ 		mt_off_t sectors;
+ 		if(statbuf->st_size == 0) {
+@@ -161,10 +164,12 @@
+ 			? UINT32_MAX
+ 			: (uint32_t) sectors;
+ 		return 0;
++#ifndef __sortix__
+ 	} else {
+ 		/* All the rest (devices, etc.) */
+ 		return init_geom(fd, dev, orig_dev, statbuf);
+ 	}
++#endif
+ }
+ 
+ static int file_geom(Stream_t *Stream, struct device *dev,
+diff -Paur --no-dereference -- mtools.upstream/sysincludes.h mtools/sysincludes.h
+--- mtools.upstream/sysincludes.h
++++ mtools/sysincludes.h
+@@ -397,19 +397,11 @@
+ 
+ /* missing functions */
+ #ifndef HAVE_SRANDOM
+-# ifdef OS_mingw32msvc
+-#  define srandom srand
+-# else
+-#  define srandom srand48
+-# endif
++#  define srandom
+ #endif
+ 
+ #ifndef HAVE_RANDOM
+-# ifdef OS_mingw32msvc
+-#  define random (long)rand
+-# else
+-#  define random (long)lrand48
+-# endif
++#  define random (long)arc4random
+ #endif
+ 
+ #ifndef HAVE_STRCHR

ports/mtools/mtools.port

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+NAME=mtools
+BUILD_LIBRARIES='libiconv'
+VERSION=4.0.43
+DISTNAME=$NAME-$VERSION
+COMPRESSION=tar.bz2
+ARCHIVE=$DISTNAME.$COMPRESSION
+SHA256SUM=541e179665dc4e272b9602f2074243591a157da89cc47064da8c5829dbd2b339
+UPSTREAM_SITE=https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mtools
+UPSTREAM_ARCHIVE=$ARCHIVE
+LICENSE=GPL-3.0-or-later
+BUILD_SYSTEM=configure

ports/mtools/mtools.rmpatch

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+rm -rf -- 'mtools.info'
+rm -rf -- 'mtools.1'
+rm -rf -- 'mtools.5'

share/man/man7/kernel.7

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 .Op Fl \-enable-em
 .Op Fl \-disable-network-drivers
 .Op Fl \-enable-network-drivers
+.Op Fl \-firmware Ns = Ns Oo Sy bios "|" Sy efi "|" pc Oc
 .Op Fl \-no-random-seed
 .Op Fl \-
 .Op Ar init ...
@@ -64,6 +65,14 @@ driver.
 .It Fl \-enable-network-drivers
 Do initialize network drivers.
 This is the default behavior.
+.It Fl \-firmware Ns = Ns Oo Sy bios "|" Sy efi "|" pc Oc
+Informs the kernel the system is booted using
+.Sy bios or
+.Sy efi .
+The
+.Sy pc
+value is a synonym for
+.Sy bios .
 .It Fl \-no-random-seed
 Don't warn if no random seed file was loaded by the bootloader (usually from
 .Pa /boot/random.seed ) .

utils/.gitignore

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ expr
 false
 find
 getaddrinfo
+getty
 halt
 head
 help

utils/Makefile

@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ uname.1 \
 
 SBINS=\
 chroot \
+getty \
 unmount \
 
 MANPAGES8=\

utils/getty.c

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2023 Jonas 'Sortie' Termansen.
+ *
+ * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
+ * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF7
+ * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * getty.c
+ * Initialize a terminal session.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+#include <brand.h>
+#include <err.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <termios.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+	bool logo = true;
+	struct winsize ws;
+	ws.ws_row = 24;
+	ws.ws_col = 80;
+	int opt;
+	while ( (opt = getopt(argc, argv, "h:lw:")) != -1 )
+	{
+		switch ( opt )
+		{
+		case 'l': logo = true; break;
+		case 'h': ws.ws_row = atoi(optarg); break;
+		case 'w': ws.ws_col = atoi(optarg); break;
+		default: return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	if ( argc - optind < 1 )
+		errx(1, "Expected terminal path");
+	if ( argc - optind < 2 )
+		errx(1, "Expected program");
+	const char* path = argv[optind + 0];
+	int tty = open(path, O_RDWR);
+	if ( tty < 0 )
+		err(1, "%s", path);
+	if ( !isatty(tty) )
+		err(1, "%s", path);
+	struct termios tio;
+	if ( tcgetattr(tty, &tio) < 0 )
+		err(1, "tcgetattr: %s", path);
+	pid_t child_pid = fork();
+	if ( child_pid < 0 )
+		err(1, "fork");
+	if ( child_pid )
+	{
+		int status;
+		waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0);
+		return WEXITSTATUS(status);
+	}
+	if ( setsid() < 0 )
+		err(1, "setsid");
+	if ( ioctl(tty, TIOCSCTTY) < 0 )
+		err(1, "ioctl: TIOCSCTTY");
+	if ( close(0) < 0 || close(1) < 0 || close(2) < 0 )
+		err(1, "close");
+	if ( dup2(tty, 0) != 0 ||
+	     dup2(tty, 1) != 1 ||
+	     dup2(tty, 2) != 2 )
+		err(1, "dup");
+	if ( closefrom(3) < 0 )
+		err(1, "closefrom");
+	tty = 0;
+	if ( ioctl(tty, TIOCSWINSZ, &ws) < 0 )
+		err(1, "TIOCSWINSZ");
+	tio.c_cflag |= CREAD;
+	if ( tcsetattr(tty, TCSANOW, &tio) < 0 )
+		err(1, "tcsetattr: %s", path);
+	if ( logo )
+	{
+		printf("\e[37;41m\e[J");
+		const char* string = BRAND_LOGO;
+		while ( *string )
+		{
+			size_t string_width = strcspn(string, "\n");
+			size_t leading = string_width <= ws.ws_col ?
+				             (ws.ws_col - string_width) / 2 : 0;
+			for ( size_t i = 0; i < leading; i++ )
+				putchar(' ');
+			fwrite(string, string_width, 1, stdout);
+			string += string_width;
+			if ( *string == '\n' )
+			{
+				string++;
+				if ( !*string )
+					printf("\e[m");
+				putchar('\n');
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	execvp(argv[optind + 1], argv + optind + 1);
+	err(1, "%s", argv[optind + 1]);
+}

utils/kernelinfo.1

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ The date on which the current kernel was built.
 .It Sy buildtime
 The time at which the current kernel was built.
 .It Sy firmware
-The firmware of the system (e.g. "bios" or "uefi")
+The firmware of the system (e.g. "bios" or "efi")
 .El
 .Sh EXIT STATUS
 .Nm