8d88bcdbf8
This commit is based on work by Meisaka Yukara <Meisaka.Yukara@gmail.com> contributed as the commit bbf7f1e8a5238a2bd1fe8eb1d2cc5c9c2421e2c4. See the individual file headers for which files contain remnants of this work. This change adds all the kernel parts of a network stack. The network stack is partial but implements many of the important parts. Add if(4) network interface abstraction. Network interfaces are registered in a global list that can be iterated and each assigned an unique integer identifier. Add reference counted packets with a cache that recycles recent packets. Add support for lo(4) loopback and ether(4) ethernet network interfaces. The /dev/lo0 loopback device is created automatically on boot. Add arp(4) address resolution protocol driver for translation of inet(4) network layer addresses into ether(4) link layer addresses. arp(4) entries are cached and evicted from the cache when needed or when the entry has not been used for a while. The cache is limited to 256 entries for now. Add ip(4) internet protocol version 4 support. IP fragmentation and options are not implemented yet. Add tcp(4) transmission control protocol sockets for a reliable transport layer protocol that provides a reliable byte stream connection between two hosts. The implementation is incomplete and does not yet implement out of band data, options, and high performance extensions. Add udp(4) user datagram protocol sockets for a connectionless transport layer that provides best-effort delivery of datagrams. Add ping(4) sockets for a best-effort delivery echo of datagrams. Change type of sa_family_t from unsigned short to uint16_t. Add --disable-network-drivers to the kernel(7) options and expose it with a bootloader menu. tix-iso-bootconfig can set this option by default. Import CRC32 code from libz for the Ethernet checksum. This is a compatible ABI change that adds features to socket(2) (AF_INET, IPPROTO_TCP, IPPROTO_UDP, IPPROTO_PING), the ioctls for if(4), socket options, and the lo0 loopback interface.
146 lines
3.8 KiB
Groff
146 lines
3.8 KiB
Groff
.Dd December 28, 2015
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.Dt USER-GUIDE 7
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm user-guide
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.Nd basic system usage and overview
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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Sortix is a small self-hosting Unix-like operating system developed since 2011.
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This document covers matters relevant to new users from other Unix-like
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operating systems.
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.Ss Introduction
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The installation process is covered in
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.Xr installation 7 .
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Bootable cdrom releases will offer the options of running a live environment,
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installing the operating system, or upgrading an existing installation.
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.Pp
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You will be presented a with standard Unix command line environment upon login or
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booting the live environment.
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.Ss Shutdown
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.Xr init 8
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spawns a session after boot.
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This is
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.Xr login 8
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if the system is booted in multi-user mode.
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This is a root shell if booted in single-user mode.
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.Pp
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To power off the computer login as user
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.Sy poweroff
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or run
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.Xr poweroff 8
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after logging in.
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To reboot the computer login as user
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.Sy reboot
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or run
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.Xr reboot 8
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after logging in.
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.Ss Keyboard Layout
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The kernel has a default US keyboard layout compiled into it.
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.Pp
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You can change the current keyboard layout using
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.Xr chkblayout 1 .
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It loads the requested keyboard layout with the requested name from
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.Pa /share/kblayout .
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For instance to load a Danish keyboard layout:
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.Pp
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.Dl $ chkblayout dk
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.Pp
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The system has basic unicode capabilities but the kernel console font is limited
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to characters in codepage 437.
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.Ss Graphics
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The bootloader prepares an appropriate video mode to the best of its abilities.
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If you have a supported graphics card:
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.Pp
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.Bl -bullet -compact
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.It
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.Xr bga 4 -
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Bochs Graphics Adapter found in virtual machines.
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.El
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.Pp
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Then you can run
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.Xr chvideomode 1
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to change the video mode after boot.
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.Pp
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.Dl $ chvideomode
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.Ss Manual
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The system manual can be viewed with the
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.Xr man 1
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program.
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Sortix is currently in the process of being documented and many manual pages are
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missing.
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The current priority is to document areas specific to Sortix and assume standard
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knowledge from other operating systems.
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.Ss Editor
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.Xr editor 1
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is the standard text file editor.
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.Ss Games
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The base system comes with games such as
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.Xr asteroids 6 .
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Additional third party games may be installed through ports.
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.Ss Filesystem Hierarchy
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The filesystem hierarchy is described in
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.Xr hier 7 .
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.Ss Memory Usage
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The
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.Xr memstat 1
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command shows the current memory usage.
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.Ss Third Party Software
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Releases come with useful third party software installed.
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The
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.Pa /tix/installed.list
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file lists all currently installed ports.
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.Ss Source Code
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Releases come full with the system source code in
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.Pa /src
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as a
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.Xr git 1
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repository along with the tools to build it and develop it.
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The build process is covered in
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.Xr development 7 .
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.Ss Mounting
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You can mount ext2 partitions using
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.Xr extfs 8
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and unmount them with
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.Xr unmount 8 :
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.Pp
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.Dl $ extfs /dev/ahci0p1 /mnt
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.Dl $ unmount /mnt
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.Pp
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Beware that
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.Xr init 8
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is unaware of manual mountpoints and powering off will not gracefully unmount.
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The
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.Xr extfs 8
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driver only supports the
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.Sy large_file
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and
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.Sy filetype
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ext2 extensions.
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You can make a compatible filesystem with:
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.Pp
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.Dl $ mkfs.ext2 -O none,large_file,filetype
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.Ss Networking
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Internet Protocol version 4
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.Pq Xr ip 4
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networking is available if you have a supported network interface
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.Pq Xr if 4 .
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.Pp
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The Internet Protocol version 6
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.Xr ( ip6 4 )
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is not yet supported.
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.Ss Serial Transfer
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It is possible to transfer files over serial devices as described in
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.Xr serial-transfer 7 .
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.Ss Development
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The system is self-hosting and is capable of building itself as described in
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.Xr development 7 .
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Ports are cross-compiled as described in
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.Xr cross-development 7 ,
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but it is becoming feasible to build a large number of them natively.
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr cross-development 7 ,
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.Xr development 7 ,
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.Xr installation 7 ,
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.Xr serial-transfer 7 ,
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.Xr upgrade 7
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