.Dd August 12, 2016
.Dt CARRAY 1
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm carray
.Nd convert binary file to C array
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm carray
.\" After releasing Sortix 1.1, make this change to match carray.c:
.\".Op Fl ceEgHirsv
.\" Compatibility:
.Op Fl ceEgHrsv
.\" (End)
.Op Fl G Ar guard
.\" After releasing Sortix 1.1, make this change to match carray.c:
.\".Op Fl i Ar identifier
.\" Compatibility:
.Op Fl \-identifier Ns "=" Ns Ar identifier
.\" (End)
.Op Fl \-includes Ns "=" Ns Ar include-statements
.Op Fl o Ar output
.Op Fl t Ar type
.Op Ar
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm
encodes its input as the source code for a C array of hexadecimal constants.
The input is the specified
.Ar file
operands concatenated, or the standard input if no input files are specified.
.Nm
writes the source code for a C array to the standard output, or
.Ar output
if the
.Fl o
option is given.
The default type is an array of
.Sy unsigned char .
The array contents are indented with tabs and the lines don't exceed 80 columns
(tabs have the width of 8 spaces).
.Pp
The default array name is the output path if set, or the path of the first input
file (if any), or otherwise
.Sy carray .
The default array name has all file extensions removed (but a leading period in
the file name is kept).
The default array name is converted to the characters a-z, A-Z,
.Sq _ ,
and 0-9.
0-9 cannot be the first character of an identifier.
.Sq +
will be replaced by
.Sq x .
Any other characters are replaced by
.Sq _
unless it is the first character, in which case it is replaced by
.Sq x .
.Pp
A guard macro is optionally used by the
.Fl g
and
.Fl G
options.
The default guard macro is the output path if set, or the path of the first
input file (if any) followed by
.Sy _H ,
or otherwise
.Sy CARRAY_H .
The default guard macro is converted to the characters A-Z,
.Sq _ ,
and 0-9.
0-9 cannot be the first character of an identifier.
The lower-case a-z is converted to the upper-case A-Z.
.Sq +
is replaced by
.Sq X .
Any other characters are replaced by
.Sq _ .
.Pp
Parts of the output are optional, but the output will be in this order: The
opening guard macro check, the guard macro definition, the inclusion of
prerequisite headers, the opening
.Sy extern """C"""
block, the array declaration and initialization, the closing
.Sy extern """C"""
block, and the closing guard macro check.
.Pp
The options are as follows:
.Bl -tag -width "12345678"
.It Fl c , Fl \-const
Declare the array with the
.Sy const
keyword.
.It Fl e , Fl \-extern
Declare the array with the
.Sy extern
keyword.
This option is mutually incompatible with the
.Fl s
option.
.It Fl E , Fl \-extern-c
Wrap the array in
.Sy extern """C""" { }
subject to a preprocessor check for C++.
.It Fl f , Fl \-forward
Forward declare the array only, do not initialize it with contents.
The input files are not opened and the standard input is unused.
This option is mutually incompatible with the
.Fl r
option.
.It Fl g , Fl \-use-guard
Wrap the output in a preprocessor conditional checking the guard macro is not
set, and declare the macro if it is not set.
This conditional is a classic C include guard that ensures only the first
inclusion of a header has any effect.
.It Fl G , Fl \-guard Ar guard
Sets the guard macro to
.Ar guard
and enables the guard macro check as if the
.Fl g
option was set as well.
The guard macro is unrestricted and untransformed and will be output verbatim.
.It Fl H , Fl \-headers
Output inclusions of all the prerequisite headers.
By default, there are no prerequisite headers, unless the array type is one of
the
.In stdint.h
types, in which case
.In stdint.h
is the only prerequisite header.
.\" After releasing Sortix 1.1, make this change to match carray.c:
.\".It Fl i , Fl \-identifier Ar identifier
.\" Compatibility:
.It Fl \-identifier Ar identifier
.\" (End)
Sets the name of the array to
.Ar identifier .
The identifier is unrestricted and will be output verbatim.
.It Fl \-includes Ar include-statements
Sets the C preprocessor statements
.Ar include-statements
as how to include all the prerequisite headers and enables inclusion of the
prerequisite headers as if the
.Fl H
option was set.
The preprocessor statements are unrestricted and untransformed and will be
output verbatim.
.It Fl o , Fl output Ar output
Write the output to the
.Ar output
path rather than the standard output.
.It Fl r , Fl \-raw
Output only the hexadecimally encoded array contents, and the guard macro check
if set by the
.Fl g
option.
This option is mutually incompatible with the
.Fl f
option.
.It Fl s , Fl \-static
Declare the array with the
.Sy static
keyword.
.It Fl t , Fl \-type Ar type
Declare the array as an array of the specified
.Ar type .
The type is unrestricted and will be output verbatim.
.It Fl v , Fl \-volatile
Declare the array with the
.Sy volatile
keyword.
.El
.Pp
In addition to the
.Fl t
option, the array type can be set by the following options:
.Bl -tag -width "--unsigned-char"
.It Fl \-char
Declare as array of
.Sy char .
.It Fl \-signed-char
Declare as array of
.Sy signed char .
.It Fl \-unsigned-char
Declare as array of
.Sy unsigned char .
.It Fl \-int8_t
Declare as array of
.Sy int8_t .
.It Fl \-uint8_t
Declare as array of
.Sy uint8_t .
.El
.Sh EXIT STATUS
.Nm
will exit 0 on success and non-zero otherwise.
.Sh EXAMPLES
.Bd -literal
$ echo foo | carray
unsigned char carray[] = {
	0x66, 0x6F, 0x6F, 0x0A,
};
.Ed
.Bd -literal
$ echo foo | carray -cs -o foo.inc
$ cat foo.inc
static const unsigned char foo[] = {
	0x66, 0x6F, 0x6F, 0x0A,
};
.Ed
.Bd -literal
$ echo foo | carray -ceEfgH -t uint8_t -o foo.h
$ cat foo.h
#ifndef FOO_H
#define FOO_H

#include <stdint.h>

#if defined(__cplusplus)
extern "C" {
#endif

extern const uint8_t foo[];

#if defined(__cplusplus)
} /* extern "C" */
#endif

#endif
.Ed
.Bd -literal
$ echo foo | carray -cH -t uint8_t -o foo.c
$ cat foo.c
#include <stdint.h>

const uint8_t foo[] = {
	0x66, 0x6F, 0x6F, 0x0A,
};
.Ed
.Bd -literal
$ echo foo | carray -r
	0x66, 0x6F, 0x6F, 0x0A,
.Ed
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr gcc 1